Seed counters and spreaders in determining sowing qualities

Posted on 02.07.2025 by admin
UDC 631.53.011
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2025.87.96.004

Yanchenko A.V., Fedosov A.Yu., Yanchenko E.V.,
Azopkov M.I.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of modern seed meters used to determine the most important sowing qualities: germination and germination energy. The study covers three main types of devices: electromagnetic, gravitational and aspiration models, each of which has unique technical characteristics and principles of operation. Special attention is paid to analyzing the technical features of each type of meter. Electromagnetic devices demonstrate the highest accuracy (≥99.5%) when working with standard-shaped seeds. Aspiration models provide impressive productivity of up to 300 seeds per minute, reducing the analysis time by 70-80%. Gravity systems with calibrated cells ensure reliable operation due to the precise calculation of parameters. During the study of aspiration folding counters, key factors affecting the efficiency of the devices were identified: morphological features of seeds, humidity level and accuracy of vacuum pressure settings. The developed devices are highly versatile due to their interchangeable nozzles, which allow them to work with seeds from 0.5 mm to 15 mm in size. The practical significance of the study is confirmed by significant improvements in production indicators: reduction of the analysis error from 15% to 0.5%, acceleration of breeding processes by 30-40% and reduction of crop losses by up to 20%. The introduction of folding counters contributes to the transformation of laboratory processes, ensuring reproducibility of results and reducing labor costs in determining the sowing qualities of vegetable seeds. The developments presented in the article are an important element of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex, contributing to increasing crop sustainability and ensuring food security.

Yanchenko A.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), agricultural senior research fellow. E-mail: laboratoria2008@yandex.ru

Fedosov A. Yu., junior research fellow. E-mail: fffed@rambler.ru

Yanchenko E.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), senior research fellow. E-mail: elena_0881@mail.ru

Azopkov M.I., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), senior research fellow. E-mail: max.az62@yandex.ru

All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – a branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (ARRIVG – a branch of FSBSI FSVC)

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For citing: Seed counters and spreaders in determining sowing qualities. A.V. Yanchenko, A.Yu. Fedosov, E.V. Yanchenko, M.I. Azopkov. Potato and vegetables. 2025. No4. Pp. 50-54. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2025.87.96.004 (In Russ.).

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