Risks of new tomato virus diseases spreading in the Russian Federation

Posted on 14.05.2020 by Саша Корнев
UDC 633.11:632.488
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.80.51.001

Ignatov A.N., Gritsenko V.V., Dzhalilov F.S.-U.

Analysis of the most harmful viruses pathogenic for tomato in greenhouses shows that the spreading of new species occurs with seeds and fruits from other regions and countries, and exposes tomato production to a great risk. Long latent period for virus diseases and the need for instrumental methods of pathogen identification are the main problem for identifying the pathogen and source of infection, and decision making for its control Advances in the field of immunological and molecular analysis of plant viruses allow technically a detection of a number of virus species and biotypes, reducing the problem of diagnosis to the question of economic feasibility of such work. In order to determine the minimum set of diagnosed virus species, the diversity of viruses that infect tomatoes and the risk of their spreading in greenhouses in the Russian Federation as assayed. We analyzed some previously published data on tomato viruses across the world and the Russian Federation to determine the most harmful viruses that can cause significant damage to tomato production. Taking in account the number of species and the damage caused, the first places are hold by DNA viruses Geminiviridae (including genus Begomovirus), and RNA-virus genera Tobamovirus, Cucumovirus and some others. Among the viruses with the highest potential risk is the tomato leaf yellow curl virus (TYLCV). Problems caused by begomoviruses, including TYLCV and related species are primarily associated with the spread of the tobacco whitefly biotype B. It is able to reproduce on wide range of host plants and serves as reservoir of viruses – it can a vector for about 100 species. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV, genus Tobamovirus) was discovered in 2015 in Jordan, and represents a significant risk for the entire production of tomatoes in the Russian Federation. Antiviral pesticides are not available, and control strategies rely on genetic resistance or phytosanitary measures to prevent diseases, or on eradication of diseased crops and vectors, and greenhouses sanitation. Increasing international travel and trade of plant materials enhances the risk of introducing new viruses and their vectors into production systems. In addition, changing climate conditions can contribute to a successful spread of newly introduced viruses or their vectors to agro-ecosystems in areas that were previously free of those viruses.

Key words: viruses, vectors, plants, greenhouse agroecosystem

Ignatov A.N. (author for correspondence), D. Sci. (Biol.), Deputy General Director for scientific work Research Centre «PhytoEngineering», professor of agrobiotechnological, Department Russian University of People’s Friendship. E-mail: an.ignatov@gmail.com

Gritsenko V.V., D. Sci. (Biol.), professor, Department of Plant Protection, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy by K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: vaceslavgricenkol@gmail.com

Dzhalilov F. S-U. D. Sci. (Biol.), professor, head of Department of plant protection, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy by K. A. Timiryazev. E-mail: labzara@mail.ru

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For citing: Ignatov A.N., Gritsenko V.V., Dzhalilov F. S.-U. Risks of new tomato virus diseases spreading in the Russian Federation. Potato and vegetables. 2020. No5. Pp. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.80.51.001 (In Russ.).

 

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