UDC 635.032/.034
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.18.2.007
Nikolaev V.A., Khokhlov N.F., Anisimov A.A., Tarakanov I.G.
The results of the comparative analysis of the seed potato cultivation efficiency with the use of soil surface mulching with the above-ground biomass of giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus) – a rare crop for Russian agriculture, which is beginning to spread now. The aim of the research is the searching of the methods of the qualitative seed potato getting while growing it the central part of Russian Federation with the mulching by the miscanthus biomass. One of the main factors of low yields in Russia is the usage of own infested seed potato. The researches were conducted by the means of field experiment during the vegetation seasons of 2018 and 2019 years on the territory of the Field experimental station of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Two ways of potato planting – traditional in the ranges (the control variant), and planting in the miscanthus mulch. The experiment was planned with the 4 recurrences, the registrative area was 8 m2. The usage of miscanthus biomass as a mulch for seed potato growing lead for obtaining of the healthy conditional planting tubers. In the control variant, without mulching, 55% of all tubers were affected by Helminthosporium solani. The use of miscanthus biomass mulching contributed the increase of the soil moisture in the upper layer of the soil (0–10 sm) comparing with the traditional way of potato planting almost in 2 times. The potato plants grown with the miscanthus biomass mulching the number of stems on 1 ha increased by 12,9 thousand comparing with the control variant. The maximum potato yield – 40,7 t/ha – was marked in the variant with the miscanthus biomass mulch usage. Mulching also lead to the increase of the number of seed tubers, the part of them was 40,4% from the whole biomass. Hereby the giant miscanthus biomass can be recommended as a mulching material for the plantations of seed potato, the use of it leads to the increase of the seed potato yield and decrease the growth of the number of diseases, which can contaminate the potato plantations in the traditional way of cultivation.
Key words: potato, miscanthus, mulching, straw, organic tillage, sod-podzolic light loam soil, seed potato
Nikolaev V.A., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), associate professor of department of tillage and methods of research. E-mail: vladimir_nikolaev0202@mail.ru
Khokhlov N.F., D. Sci. (Agr.), professor of department of tillage and methods of research. E-mail: hohlov@rgau-msha.ru
Anisimov A.A., assistant professor of department of plant physiology. E-mail: alanis152@mail.ru
Tarakanov I.G., D. Sci. (Biol.), professor of department of plant physiology. E-mail: plantphys@rgau-msha.ru
Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy after K.A. Timiryazev
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For citing: Agrobiological aspects of seed potato production with the multy-layer miscanthus biomass mulching. V.A. Nikolaev, N.F. Khokhlov, A.A. Anisimov, I.G. Tarakanov. Potato and vegetables. 2020. No2. Pp. 31–34 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.18.2.007
