UDC 635.11.275.222.5
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.81.29.006
Bukharov A.F.
The purpose of these studies was to study the possibility of two- and three-fold use of table beet queen cells for seed production. The objectives of the study were to isolate individual SF plants from the Khavskaya variety, obtain seeds from them within two years of reproduction, conduct two such selection cycles and evaluate all seed populations according to the degree of manifestation of the sign of separateness. The research was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing (ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC) in 2009–2021. After harvesting the seeds, the queen cells were planted in a greenhouse or after storage in the open ground to re-obtain seeds. Seeds obtained from individually selected plants were reproduced once. Each seed population was evaluated according to the degree of manifestation of the SF trait using the criterion χ2. When working with beetroot signs of the second year of life, there is always a possibility of over-pollination of selected plants with undesirable genotypes. This reduces the effectiveness of selection. When creating beet varieties-populations, it is advisable to use the method of reuse of queen cells. This method completely prevents the possibility of pollination of selected SF-plants with pollen of SP-plants. Rejection of seed plants in the first year of cultivation, in fact, is a negative selection. The use of the method of repeated use of queen cells makes the selection positive and more effective. With a single use of queen cells, the weighted average percentage of single fruits was 88.4%, and with repeated cultivation of queen cells it reached 96.7% (χ2 =109.5; P =0.99). The repeated use of queen cells makes it possible to form genetically more homogeneous monogenic populations on the basis of SF. It is advisable to carry out selection by this method and by other characteristics of testes (bush type, CMS, self-incompatibility, seed productivity, weight of 1000 fruits, density of fruit arrangement, precocity, etc.). The method is more effective against recessive monogenic traits. The repeated use of queen cells can be an addition to the method of incucht, diallel, pair crosses in breeding and genetic studies of other directions.
Key words: table beet, selection, separate fertility (SF), reuse of queen cells
Bukharov A.F., D.Sci. (Agr.), chief research fellow of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production of Vegetable Crops, All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC). E-mail: afb56@mail.ru
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For citing: Bukharov A.F. Reuse of queen cells in the creation and reproduction of separate forms of red beet. Potato and vegetables. 2022. No7. Pp. 37-40. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.81.29.006 (In Russ.).
