UDC 633.491
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.40.39.003
Puzdrya F.F., Isaeva L.M.
The article presents the results of research on the impact of the protection system on the yield and marketability of potatoes to improve production efficiency in the conditions of LLC Mechta Kostroma district of the Kostroma region. The research was carried out at the experimental field in LLC Mechta of the Kostroma district of the Kostroma region. The experiment was carried out on a medium-early variety of Gala potatoes. Potato protection systems were studied using imported preparations from the Bayer concern and domestic preparations manufactured by the August company. Each system included pickling of tubers before planting, treatment with herbicides and fungicides. The yield and marketability of potatoes were determined according to the methodology of agrotechnical experiments, records, observations and analyses on potatoes. The annual forms of reporting on the financial and economic condition of producers of the agro-industrial complex of the Kostroma region also served as the material for research. To analyze the efficiency of production, the method of comparative analysis, statistical-economic and computational-analytical methods were used. LLC Mechta holds a leading position in potato production among agricultural organizations in the Kostroma region. On average, from 2018 to 2022, LLC Mechta produced from 35–41% of potatoes from the gross production of the region. In the structure of the company's costs for potato production, 19.6% is accounted for plant protection products, expenses increased by 17.1 thousand rubles/ha, or 48.7%. The rise in the cost of imported plant protection products forces potato producers to look for alternative domestic drugs that are not inferior in their characteristics. When growing potatoes, the use of chemical protection products of the Avgust company is effective. With a decrease in the cost of plant protection products by 6.9 thousand p/ha, or 11.9%, potato yield was obtained higher by 2.9 t/ha, or 10%, production cost decreased by 1281.0 r/t, or 11%, potato marketability increased by 4 percentage point, profit increased by 42.33 thousand r/ha, or 21.8%, and the level of return on sales by 20.9%, compared with the control option. Thus, the conducted research on the study of potato protection systems in the conditions of LLC «Mechta» of the Kostroma region showed the expediency of using domestic preparations produced by the company «Avgust». The use of the considered protection system allows to reduce the cost of potatoes by 11% and increase the level of profitability by 20.9%.
Key words: seed potatoes, plant protection system, yield, economic efficiency.
Puzdrya F.F., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow, Kostroma Research Institute of Agriculture– branch of Russian Potato Research Centre. E-mail: susanpit@mail.ru.
Isayeva L.M., senior research fellow, Kostroma Research Institute of Agriculture–branch of Russian Potato Research Centre. E-mail:kniish.buh@mail.ru
- Recommendations on rational norms of food consumption that meet modern requirements of healthy nutrition: Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No614 dated. [Web resource] URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/420374878. Access date: 05.06.2023 (In Russ.).
- Ivanjuk V.G., Banadysev S.A., Zhuromskij G.K. Protection of potatoes from diseases, pests and weeds. Minsk. Belprint. 2005. 695 p. (In Russ.).
- Anisimov B.V. et al. Protection of potatoes from diseases, pests and weeds. 2009. 272 p. (In Russ.).
- Zaikin B.A., Belov G.L., Zejruk V.N. Joint application of potato tuber protectants with plant growth regulator AgroStimul. Potato and vegetables. 2020. No8. Pp. 32–36. DOI: 10.25630/PAV.2020.88.89.005 (In Russ.).
- Methodology of agrotechnical experiments, records, observations and analyses on potatoes. FGBNU VNIIKH. Moscow. 2019. 120 p. (In Russ.).
For citing:Potato production efficiency in LLC «Mechta» of Kostroma district of Kostroma region. Potato and vegetables. 2023. No10. Pp. 29-31. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.40.39.003 (In Russ.).
