UDC 635.21:[631.559+632.6/.7](470.51)
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.24.84.002
Esenkulova O.V., Korobeinikova O.V., Maslova M.P.
As part of the development of organic agriculture, the identification of varieties with high resistance to pests is relevant. In the conditions of the Udmurt Republic, studies were carried out in 2017-2018 on the derno-medium-soil average carbon-free weak soil, the purpose of which was to assess new and permissive potato cultivars of different maturation times. One challenge was to identify damage to tubers by insect pests and the possibility of using them as planting material. Potato cultivars of different maturation dates were studied: early – Nandina, Red Sonya, Kolette, Bellaroza, Vineta, Dzhokonda, Ranomi; medium – Dzhelli, Virazh, Gala, Ryabinushka, Kaptiva, Aluet; late – Red Fentazi, Tserata KVS, Tango. Field one-factor experiment was laid according to the method of experimental work. Tuberous analysis was carried out in accordance with GOST 33996-2016 «Seed Potatoes. Technical conditions and methods of quality determination». The coefficient of adaptivity of the studied potato cultivars is calculated according to the method of L.A. Zhemkov. More crop-producing were early cultivars: Nandina, Red Sonya, Bellaroza, Ranomi; average: Dzhelli, Kaptiva, Aluet; late: Red Fentazi and Tserata CF. During the years of research, there was damage to potato tubers by wireworm in 2017 on average 47%, and in 2018 – 61%. The only cultivar, Ranomi, was not damaged by the wireworm in 2017. A small number of tubers was damaged by larvae of turnip moth (Agrotis segetum) (3-4%) and larvae of white grub (1-2%). During two years of research in the Udmurt Republic early cultivars were more adaptive, the coefficient of adaptability was 1,31 and 1,22. However, the quality of the planting material by the percentage of damaged tubers by pests does not comply with state standard. For growing in the region, early cultivars Nandin, Red Sonya, Kolette, Bellarosa, Vineta, Dzhokonda, Ranomi are more suitable; from middle cultivars Dzhelli, Kaptiva and Aluet turned out to be more stable; from late ripening – Red Fentazi. Due to severe damage by insect pests, especially wireworms, careful sorting and bringing tubers to regulated parameters, liming of soils, and introduction of rotted organic fertilizers are necessary, as well as to place potatoes in crop rotation after legumes and cruciferous crops.
Key words: potato, cultivars, groups of ripeness, damage to potato tubers by insect pests, biological yield, coefficient of adaptability.
Esenkulova O.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), associate professor, department of agricultural and land management, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy. Phone: +7(950) 1785047. E-mail: o.w.esen@mail.ru
Korobeinikova О.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), associate professor, department of agricultural and land management, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy. Phone: +7(951)2162378. E-mail: korobejnikova.olga@inbox.ru
Maslova M.P., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), associate professor, department of agricultural and land management, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy. Phone:+7(950)162-03-74. E-mail: mary.maslova2009@yandex.ru
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For citing: Esenkulova O.V., Korobeinikova O.V., Maslova M.P. Yields of different potato cultivars and their damage by insect pests in the Udmurt Republic. Potato and Vegetables. 2020. No1. Pp. 28-31 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.24.84.002
