UDC 635.64:631.526.32;631.55
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.76.73.005
Bekov R.Kh.
Breeding work on tomato breeding for mechanized harvesting should be aimed at new cultivars and hybrids with morphological characteristics that meet its requirements: the determinant type of plant with a high simultaneous fruit maturation, the strength of the fruit skin, the strength and hardness of mature fruits and their resistance to cracking on plants, the absence of joint on the pedicle etc. As a rule, such requirements are met by cultivars with an oval and elongated fruit shape with an index of 130–155. In addition, when harvesting with a combine harvester, the fruit must be separated from the plant without pedicels (gene j-2). This feature (jointless) is the main one that determines the suitability of cultivars for mechanized harvesting. Goal of the work: to breed tomato cultivars and lines that meet the requirements of mechanized harvesting. Cultivars and lines were bred in accordance with the provisions of the working program of All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing (ARRIVG) together with Kuban State Agrarian University in the Krasnodar territory. The research was carried out in a specialized farm “Solnechnyi”. A preliminary assessment of cultivars on economically valuable characteristics, such as the strength of the fruit skin, the hardness of mature fruits, their resistance to cracking on plants and shedding before harvesting, the strength of attachment of the fruit to the pedicle etc. The degree of severity of these signs was determined by laboratory methods using special devices developed at ARRIVG. The results of cultivars assessment for suitability for mechanized harvesting using the FMC combine are presented. The direct connection of these results with the data of field and laboratory studies of morphological features and physical and mechanical properties of mature fruit, types of peduncle etc. is shown.
Key words: mechanized harvesting, skin strength, fruit, peduncle, shedding, cracking
Bekov R.Kh., D.Sci. (Agr.), head of laboratory for breeding of solanaceous crops, All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – a branch of FSBSI All-Russian Centre of Vegetables (ARRIVG – a branch of FSBSI FSVC). E-mail: bekov1935@rambler.ru
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For citing: Bekov R.Kh. Assessment of domestic cultivars and promising tomato lines for suitability for mechanized harvesting. Potato and vegetables. No9. Pp. 29-32. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2020.76.73.005
