UDC 631.531.02:631.562.32: 635.64
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.45.15.007
S.D. Sokolov, E.V. Khutornaya, A.S. Sokolov, A.M. Shantasov, N.G. Izmukhambetova
After harvesting fruits at the stage of technical maturity, seed plants afford to cultivate new seed fruits which make it possible to carry out repeated harvesting and significantly increase the productivity of seed crops. The optimal shelf life of seed fruits picked up at the stage of technical ripeness allows to receive seeds with high sowing qualities. The research was conducted in 2015–2017 in «Our garden» LLC of Kamyzyaksky district of Astrakhan region. Via the example of the variety of zucchini marrow Yubileinyi 450, the article shows the results of studying of a new method of seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops, which includes carrying out of frequent gatherings of seed fruit not in biological ripeness, but at the stage of technical maturity and subsequent storage of collected seed fruits seeds during specified period until receiving by seeds of the high sowing in-spec grades. In the process of research it was found that the optimal age of the seed fruit of zucchini for the gathering and releasing of seeds (which makes it possible to obtain the best sowing qualities of seed material) was 50–60 days. At this degree of maturity, on 4–6 days of seed sprouting in a thermostat, laboratory seed germination was 100%. To increase the productivity of seed crops, it is possible to carry out the collection of seed fruits at the age of 20 days after flowering and store them for 20–30 days before the seeds will be released. It has been established that the development of certified seeds for fruits taken from plants is faster than for fruits on a plant. To obtain high sowing qualities, the seeds in the fruits on the plant need 50–60 days, while for the seeds obtained by the inventive technology the total required period until optimum sowing qualities are achieved (including being on the plant and subsequent storage) is 40–50 days. On the basis of the conducted research, it was obtained a patent for the invention «Method of conducting seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetables and cucurbits crops».
Keywords: marrow (Cucurbita pepo), seed breeding, polycarpous crops, technical maturity, biological ripeness, afterripening, sowing features, economical efficiency.
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For citing: Sokolov S.D., Khutornaya E.V., Sokolov A.S., Shantasov A.M., Izmukhambetova N.G. Original method of seed production runnig for polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops. Potato and Vegetables. 2019. No4. Pp. 36-40.
