UDC 635.21: 632.9
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.52.94.003
Belov D.A., Khiutti A.V.
Modern phytopathogenic complex of potato diseases have recently undergone significant changes. The reason for this is quite loyal GOST regarding disease requirements: import from abroad and circulation of seed potatoes in Russia, as well as improving methods for diagnosing pathogens, updating the technical and instrumental base, increasing the qualifications of laboratory specialists, closer interaction between agricultural producers and representatives of science. Losses from pathogens and pests, even with complete chemical protection, are at least 25–30%. The most harmful complexes of potato diseases include viral, bacterial, fungal, mushroom-like and nematode diseases, which largely neutralize the potential crop yield for each particular variety. Over the past decade, the phytosanitary situation has deteriorated significantly: new viral diseases have appeared on the territory of Russia. In addition, species of the genus Dickeya spp. causing various kinds of rot, as demonstrated by the monitoring of seed potato analyses for 2019–2022. The danger of Dickeya spp. lies in the increased aggressiveness at times, compared with typical species of Pectobacterium spp. causing the same symptoms, and more harmful. Despite the provision with all the necessary list of plant protection products, crop losses and deterioration of its quality from fungal and mushroom-like potato diseases are still significant. The spread of a complex of nematode diseases has also become a new challenge. In this connection, the protection of potatoes must be constantly improved and revised in accordance with the diagnosed pathocomplex, the technology of growing and storing potatoes, as well as the available set of active substances and their combinations. Only a set of measures in the form of monitoring, agrotechnics, storage systems, regulated seed production and reasonable use of varieties in combination with nutrition and plant protection system can ensure high quality, safety and sustainability of the industry.
Key words: potatoes, viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, fungicides, insecticides, nematicides
Belov D.A., post-graduate student, head of the Product Development Department of Firm «August» JSC. E-mail: d.belov@avgust.com
Khiutti A.V., Cand. Sci. (Biol.), head of the Potato Disease Sector, All-Russian institute of plant protection (FSBSI VIZR)
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For citing: Belov D.A., Khiutti A.V. Modern phytopathogenic complex of potato diseases and measures to prevent their spread in Russia. Potato and vegetables. 2022. No5. Pp. 18-24. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.52.94.003 (In Russ.).
