UDC 631.527:635.21 (571.13)
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.92.59.005
Krasnikov S.N., Cheremisin A.I., Sogulyak S.V., Krasnikova O.V., Panteeva K.O.
The article presents the results of the use in hybridization of the most promising potato varieties of domestic and foreign selection, which stood out during the study of the collection and competitive variety testing. The purpose of the research is the creation of new hybrid populations, the selection of promising hybrids, as well as the search for sources of the main economically valuable traits and disease resistance based on the study of the source material in the field conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The research was carried out in 2021–2022 at the experimental site of the Omsk ARC, located in the southern forest-steppe zone. The soil is chernozem, medium loamy in granulometric composition, well provided with nutrients, the humus content in the 0–20 cm layer is 7%, the reaction of the soil solution is 7. Soil security: mobile phosphorus contains 150–170 mg/kg, potassium – 300–330 mg/kg (according to Chirikov). The following parent varieties were taken as the object of study: Alena, Antonina, Ariel», Bellaroza, Gala, Irbitskii, Kolomba, Lyubava, Riv'era, Roko, Sokur and Udacha. When selecting parent varieties for crossing, their economic value and geographical distribution were taken into account. During hybridization, the following signs were taken into account: early maturity (preference was given to the schemes early × early, medium-early × early, medium-ripe × early, medium-ripe × early, medium-late × early); resistance to nematode (in a pair, one of the parents is necessarily stable, or both). Special attention was paid to resistance to stress factors and the quality of tubers. Among the main maternal forms, the varieties Alena, Antonina, Gala, Irbitskii, etc. were used, as pollinators – Irbitskii, Alena, etc. A new source material has been created in the Omsk region using previously selected collectible potato varieties based on valuable economic characteristics. The most valuable for breeding are hybrid combinations Gala × Irbitskii, Kolomba × Irbitskii, and Irbitskii × Gala (the tying of berries in an average of two years is 27,0, 23,8, and 21,8%, respectively). The Irbitskii variety turned out to be the best both paternal and maternal form. The best maternal forms are early varieties of Kolomba and Gala.
Key words: potato, varieti, selection, hybridizations, combinations
Krasnikov S.N., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow, Head of the Potato Breeding Laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Omsk Agricultural Research Center» (FSBSI «Omsk ARC»)
Cheremisin A.I. (the author for correspondence), Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow, Head of the Potato Department of the FSBSI «Omsk ARC». E-mail: biocentr@bk.ru
Sogulyak S.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow, FSBSI «Omsk ARC»
Krasnikova O.V., master's student of the Omsk State Agrarian University, leading specialist of the FSBSI «Omsk ARC»
Panteeva K.O., leading specialist of the FSBSI «Omsk ARC»
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For citing: Application of the hybridization method for potato breeding in the conditions of the Omsk region. S.N. Krasnikov, A.I. Cheremisin, S.V. Sogulyak, O.V. Krasnikova, K.O. Panteeva. Potato and vegetables. 2022. No11. Pp. 35-37. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2022.92.59.005 (In Russ.).
