УДК 635.64:631.527
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2021.70.53.005
Ognev V.V., Chernova T.V., Kostenko A.N., Barbaritskaya I.V.
The problem when growing tomatoes in the open ground is the imperfection of the assortment used, including South of Russia. Both old low-yielding varieties and imported ones with low adaptability are cultivated. It is necessary to switch to new cultivation technologies that allow us to more fully demonstrate the productive potential of new varieties and hybrids of tomato. The purpose of the research is to assess the current state and determine the prospects of tomato breeding for open ground conditions in Russia. The research was carried out in the open ground of the Rostovskiy breeding and seed production centre of Poisk Agrofirm, located in the Oktyabrsky district of the Rostov region in 2016–2020. The research materials were varieties and hybrids of tomato of domestic and foreign selection, recommended for use in the Russian Federation for cultivation in the open ground. The main limiting factors during the period of growing tomatoes in the open ground were high temperatures, low relative humidity and insufficient natural moisture. The soils in the experiments are represented by ordinary chernozem with a humus content of 3.6%, pH – 7.8. Tomato seedlings were grown in cassettes in a non-heated greenhouse with a run of 30 days. The plants were planted according to the scheme of 70×30 cm. The planting period is 2–3 decades of May when the soil is heated at a depth of 10 cm to 8–10 °C and there is no danger of frost. Cultivation technology with drip irrigation and fertigation system. Records and observations of plants were conducted according to generally accepted methods. The research has established the need to create a assortment with high productivity, shelf life and transportability, resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, with signs of suitability for specific areas of use. Of particular importance is the creation of tomato varieties and hybrids with high consumer qualities, as well as early-ripening ones. Along with the creation of assortment for industrial production, there is a need to create exclusive varieties and hybrids, the demand for which tends to grow, including in the commodity sector.
Key words: tomato, open ground, variety, breeding directions.
Ognev V.V. (author for correspondence), Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Associate Professor, Director, Rostovskiy breeding and seed production centre of Poisk agrofirm. E-mail: ognevvv@bk.ru
Chernova T.V., breeder, Rostovskiy breeding and seed production centre of Poisk agrofirm
Kostenko A.N., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), agronomist-expert in testing, Poisk agrofirm
Barbaritskaya I.V., agronomist-expert in testing, Rostovskiy breeding and seed production centre of Poisk agrofirm
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For citing: Condition and promising directions of tomato selection for open ground of Russia. V.V. Ognev, T.V. Chernova, A.N. Kostenko, I.V. Barbaritskaya. Potato and vegetables. 2021. No9. Pp. 33-36. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2021.70.53.005 (In Russ.).
