UDC 631:635:1:635.52
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.20.27.002
Ostonakulov T.E., Saidova G.A.
The purpose of the study is a comprehensive study of the collection of tomato varieties and hybrids under conditions of slightly saline soils of the Bukhara region, the identifying of promising accessions adaptive based on them. Tasks: to study irrigation regimes, rates of application of organic and mineral fertilizers, planting schemes and standing density, and as a result to improve the technology of cultivation of selected varieties and hybrids. Field experiments were carried out on irrigated meadow soils of the farm «Khamroev Khalil Bozorovich» of the Jandor district of the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The soils of the experimental plot are characterized by a humus content of 0.97–1.12%, gross nitrogen – 0.102–0.115%, phosphorus – 0.171–0.188%, and potassium – 1.96–2.03%, the reaction in water extract pH = 7, 2–7.3, the degree of salinity is slightly chloride (0.310–0.412%). The article presents the results of assessing the collection of tomato hybrid varieties in terms of early maturity, adaptability, formation of the leaf surface, tops, root system and productivity, and as a result, high-yielding, adaptive hybrid varieties and the improvement of the elements of agricultural technology for their cultivation, such as irrigation regimes, fertilizer rates, planting patterns and standing density for slightly saline soils. The selected hybrids – F1 Seraj, F1 Tomsk, F1 Bobcat, F1 Lojain formed tall plants (71.2–80.2 cm) with leaf surface area (0.67–0.75 m2), root weight – 124–144 g, tops – 473–574 g, fruit harvest from a bush – 1716–2305, and the yield is in the range of 75.5–101.4 t/ha. In these hybrid varieties, the optimal soil moisture regime was not lower than 75–85–85% of the PSMC and the application of fertilizers at a rate of 20 t/ha of manure + N200P160K100 kg/ha. At the same time, the yield was 45.7–78.6 t/ha, the yield per 1 m3 of water was the highest (5.7–9.8 kg), and the water consumption per 1 kg of harvest was the lowest (10.2–17.5 m3). The planting scheme 90x25 cm was favorable, with a density of 44.4 thousand plants per 1 ha.
Key words: cultivars and hybrids, tomato, salinization, irrigation, fertilizers, planting pattern, planting density, productivity, marketable yield, adaptation
Ostonakulov Toshtemir Eshimovich, D.Sci. (Agr.), professor of Karshi State University and Samarkand Scientific Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Vegetables, Melons and Potatoes. E-mail: t-ostonokulov@mail.ru
Saidova Gulshoda Anvar kizi, doctoral student of the Research Institute of Vegetables, Melons and Potatoes
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For citing: Ostonakulov T.E., Saidova G.A. Adaptive tomato hybrids, cultivars and growing technologies on slightly saline soils of Bukhara region. Potato and vegetables. 2023. No3. Pp. 31-35. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.20.27.002 (In Russ.).
