UDC 632.955
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2021.51.71.003
Poddymkina L.M., Bovykina N.V., Dorozhkina L.A., Larina G.E.
Assessment of the efficiency of controlling greenhouse whiteflies and spider mites with chemical and biological methods is given when using drip irrigation while growing tomatoes in block greenhouses of the «Teplichny» greenhouse complex (Vladimir) in summer-autumn. To control whiteflies, the following insecticides were used: Mospilan (acetamiprid, 20 g/kg), consumption rate 1.5 kg/ha, Plenum (pymetrozin, 500 g/kg), 0.5 kg/ha, Movento Energy (spirotetramat + imidacloprid), two treatments at 0.7 l/ha; 3 treatments with Phytoverm (aversectin C), 3 l/ha were carried out for spider mites. Within biological control, predatory and parasitic insects and mites were used to suppress greenhouse whiteflies and spider mites: first macrolophus and phytoseiulus, and then encarsia and phytoseiulus. Encarsia was used 4 times: at the rate of 1.5 spec/leaf (3 times) and 1 spec/leaf – fourth time. Plants were colonized by the predatory bug macrolophus twice at the rate of 10000 spec/ha. Predatory mite phytoseiulus was placed locally in the spider mite infestation (500 spec/ha). The biological efficiency of pesticides and predatory insects was assessed by the number of harmful objects before the treatment and 3, 5 and 7 days after it according to generally accepted methods. In all protection schemes for disease control the following was used: Planriz, 5 l/ha and Previcur energy (propamocarb + fosethyl), 3 l/ha to suppress root rot; Ordan (copper oxychloride + cymoxanil), 2.5 kg/ha, Quadris (azoxystrobin), 1.2 l/ha to suppress phytophthora and alternaria. The results of counting the pest number before and after the treatment showed that the biological efficiency of using predatory insects for whiteflies was 90–95%, for spider mites – 78–80%, and 76% when using insecticides. Thus, the biological method efficiency of controlling whiteflies and spider mites was higher than that of chemical insecticides. Predatory insects made it possible to reduce the amount of pesticide application by 12.4 kg/ha and increase the harvest by 18 and 9%. The profit from the use of macrolophus and phytoseiulus amounted to 1.278 million rubles and from encarsia and phytoseiulus – 0.615 million rubles.
Key words: tomato, pesticides, macrolophus, encarsia, phytoseiulus, harvest, efficiency, greenhouse, bioagent
Poddymkina L.M., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Associate Professor, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Е-mail poddimkina@gmail.com
Dorozhkina L.A., D. Sci. (Agr.), Professor, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. E-mail dorogkina@nest-m.ru
Larina G.E., D. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Experimental research methods in Crop Production, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology. Е-mail galina.larina@vniif.ru
Bovykina N.V., assistant to the head of the JSC section, Vladimir Greenhouse Plant
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For citing: Biologization of tomato protection system in greenhouses. L.M. Poddymkina, N.V. Bovykina, L.A. Dorozhkina, G.E. Larina. Potato and vegetables. 2021. No4. Pp. 22-25. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2021.51.71.003 (In Russ.).
