UDC 631.532/.535: 635.25/.26
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2024.15.62.001
Shilyaeva E.A., Makarova E.L., Rufina I.V.
Juicy, mildly spicy greens of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) are in demand in cafes and restaurants. High yields of green onions - up to 50 t/ha and bulbs - up to 30 t/ha, a long shelf life of turnip onions - the key to profitable production of shallots. Varieties differ according to their geographical location. For different climatic zones, their own varieties must be created and technologies for their production developed. In the laboratory of selection and seed production of vegetable crops for the conditions of the north-eastern zone of Russia, the Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing, varieties of shallots have been created that are capable of forming a large onion (with an average weight in the nest from 40 to 70 g). When planting such large multi-bud bulbs, many daughter bulbs of medium and small size are formed. Using medium-sized planting material allows you to obtain a small number of daughter bulbs that are suitable for commercial purposes. In 2022-2024 Research has been carried out to develop a technological method that allows the use of large, 50-60 g bulbs as planting material. The work was carried out in open ground in the vegetable crop rotation of the Kirov region using generally accepted methods. The studied material was shallot varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use: Bratsky, Doronya, Zubarevsky, Patran. For planting, fractions of bulbs weighing 40-50 g, ½ bulbs weighing 50-60 g and 20-25 g were used. It was found that a large fraction of shallots weighing 50-60 can be cut in half before planting in varieties with a nesting capacity of at least 4-7 pieces. and round shape. The weight of daughter bulbs increases, the yield is 4.53-3.64 kg/m2, which is comparable to the control. The technique is not suitable for obtaining green feathers - the number of leaves and their linear dimensions are reduced. When planting varieties of elongated shape and small-growing varieties (3-5), the yield of turnips decreases.
Key words: shallots, planting fractions, weight of planting material, nestiness, turnip onions, green onions, yield
Shilyaeva E.A., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow, laboratory for breeding and seed production of vegetable crops for the conditions of the north-eastern zone of Russia. E-mail: agromasterk@mail.ru
Makarova E.L., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), senior research fellow, laboratory for breeding and seed production of vegetable crops for the conditions of the north-eastern zone of Russia. E-mail: lenka7878@inbox.ru
Rufina I.V., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), senior research fellow, laboratory for breeding and seed production of vegetable crops for the conditions of the north-eastern zone of Russia. E-mail rufina@e-kirov.ru
ARRIVG-branch of FSBSI FSVC
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PDF(Rus)
For citing: Shilyaeva E.A., Makarova E.L., Rufina I.V. Features of vegetative propagation of shallots. Potato and vegetables. 2024. No8. Pp. 15-18. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2024.15.62.001 (In Russ.).
