Improving the technology of sweet pepper production in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

The purpose of the research is to improve effective methods of increasing the production of sweet pepper in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, by optimizing the use of various forms of nitrogen fertilizers. The research was carried out in 2018–2020 in the fields of the educational and experimental farm Garden of Michurinets of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, located in the northern forest-steppe of the Ob region, belonging to the West Siberian region of the forest-steppe zone of the country. In the work, varieties of sweet pepper of Siberian selection were used, as well as various doses of liquid (CAS-32) and solid (ammonium nitrate) mineral nitrogen fertilizers in protected soil conditions. Mineral nitrogen fertilizers affect the formation of all elements of the crop structure. According to the average weight and number of fruits from one plant, the difference in relation to the control is up to 100%, and the most optimal and reliable indicators are obtained at the rate of application of N80. The structure of the yield for all crops directly depended not only on the dose, but also on the form of the fertilizer used, so on the variants with the use of CAS-32, the results are on average 15% higher than on the variants with ammonium nitrate. The productivity of sweet pepper of Siberian breeding depended very much on both the dose and the form of the fertilizer used. On average, the experiments showed a two- to three-fold increase in yield, while the variants using CAS-32 were on average 20% higher in relation to ammonium nitrate. The maximum yield of sweet pepper was 8,6–9,0 kg/m2. It has been established that the norms of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their form, also affect the chemical composition of fruits. Thus, the use of fertilizers increases the dry matter content by an average of 19%, total sugar – by 60%, vitamin C – by 73%. At the same time, an increase in each subsequent fertilizer application rate leads to a slight increase in the quality indicators of fruits (up to 10%), and the maximum doses of N120 even slightly worsen the indicators. The average difference in the forms is no more than 10%.

Key words: sweet pepper, varieties, nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium nitrate, CAS-32, yield, product quality