UDC 635.25/26:635–156:635–18
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.51.72.002
Kolomiets A.A., Vasyuchkov I.Yu., Uspenskaya O.N., Borisov V.A.
The purpose of the research: to study the effects of various types of organic fertilizers and to determine the optimal mineral nutrition of onions due to fertilizing by periods of growth and development using methods of soil and plant diagnostics. The research was carried out in 2020–2021 at the experimental field and in the laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC. The object of research is the onion variety Forward. The soils of the experimental site belong to the type of alluvial meadow saturated soils. Weather conditions in 2020–2021 were generally favorable for the growth and development of onions. Cattle biocompost (lowland peat, cow manure, sawdust and other organic additives), horse (lowland peat, selected horse manure, sawdust, straw and other organic additives) and chicken manure (peat, chicken manure, sawdust, straw and other organic additives) were used as organic fertilizers. A highly active broad-spectrum growth stimulant enhanced with phytohormones, Argolan, was also used. The scheme of the experience included: 1. Control – without fertilizers; 2. N60P60K60 – recommended dose of NPK; 3. NPK for soil analysis; 4. NPK for leaf analysis; 5. Biocompost from cattle; 6. Biocompost based on horse; 7. Biocompost based on chicken manure; 8. Argolan. The dose of N60P60K60 is recommended for the production of marketable bulbs of 50–60 t/ha. It was revealed that the use of the growth stimulator Argolan contributes to an increase in commercial yield relative to the control by 10.9 t/ha and the accumulation in the bulbs of the smallest amount of nitrates (8 mg/kg) and the minimum amount of dry matter (10.3%). According to the indicators of the biochemical composition of the bulbs, a variant with the introduction of a biocompost based on cattle (dry matter – 10.2%, the sum of sugars – 7.10% and vitamin C – 5.0 mg%) was distinguished. Top dressing according to the results of plant diagnostics turned out to be more effective than according to the results of soil diagnostics (the difference in commercial yield was 2.9 t/ha), but the quality indicators of bulbs deteriorate at the same time.
Key words: onion, mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers, growth stimulant Argolan, yield, biochemical indicators of onion quality
Kolomiets A.A., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), research fellow of the Department of agriculture and agrochemistry. E-mail: a-kolomiec@list.ru
Vasyuchkov I.Yu., Cand. Sci. (Agr.), leading research fellow of the Department of agriculture and agrochemistry. Е-mail: gamov_igor@mail.ru
Uspenskaya O.N., Cand. Sci. (Biol.), leading research fellow of the Department of agriculture and agrochemistry. Е-mail: usp-olga@yandex.ru
Borisov V.A., D. Sci. (Agr.), Professor, chief research fellow of the Department of agriculture and agrochemistry. E-mail: valeri.borisov.39@mail.ru
All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Centre (ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC)
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For citing: The influence of organic, mineral fertilizers and growth stimulator on the yield and quality of onion products of the Forward variety / A.A. Kolomiets, I.Yu. Vasyuchkov, O.N. Uspenskaya, V.A. Borisov. Potato and vegetables. 2023. No7. Pp. 28-31. https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2023.51.72.002 (In Russ.).
