Dynamics raises hopes

Posted on 03.12.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:(470.56)
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.43.1.002

I.A. Gurinovich

Information on soil and climatic conditions and potato growing in Orel region is given, which in recent years shows a high dynamics of development. Potato production is mainly concentrated in the Central and Western regions of the region, to a lesser extent – in the South-East. In the region there are more than 10 agricultural organizations and farms specializing in the production of commercial potatoes. Among them are the largest and most successful: JSC «Potato field of Orlov» and KFH Stebakov V.I.

Keywords: potato growing, technology, fertilizers, import substitution, yield.

I.A. Gurinovich, deputy director of the centre of agrarian competences, FSBSI Federal Scientific Centre of Leguminous and Cereal Crops. E-mail: i.gurinovich@mail.ru

  1. Zharov A.N., Zharov L.L., Popov V.P. The current state of vegetable production in the Russian Federation. Bulletin of the Russian University of peoples friendship. 2008. No. 1. Pp. 43–52 (In Russ.).
  2. Sowing area of potatoes-Oryol region [Web resource] URL: https://сельхозпортал.рф/analiz-posevnyh-ploshhadej/?region_id=2247&area=12. Access date 12.12.18 (In Russ.).
  3. Yakovleva N.A. Statistical and economic analysis of potato production in the Orel region. Innovative economy: prospects for development and improvement. 2013. No. 3. Pp. 277–280 (In Russ.).
  4. Yakovleva N.A. State and trends of potato production in the Orel region. Innovative economy: prospects for development and improvement. 2016. No. 8. Pp. 193–199 (In Russ.).
  5. Stepanovich S.V. Some problems of development of agroindustrial integration on the basis of cluster approach. Economics of agriculture of Russia. 2013. No. 10. Pp. 57–64 (In Russ.).

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The main risks in the implementation of the National Strategy of the President

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 658
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.95.1.001

Yu.K. Kovalchuk, E.V. Tulin, E.G. Permyakov

The results of the implementation of the Lenplodoovoshch Association of the Leningrad model of restoring domestic production with world-class indicators and the best in Russia as a driver for the dynamic development of the economy, which provided advanced indicators for the Leningrad region in Russia. The main risks that impede the implementation of the National Strategy of the President and measures for its unconditional implementation in the conditions of the WTO and CU are given.

Keywords: Nizhny Novgorod model of the USA, Leningrad model of the Russian Federation, import substitution, embargo.

J.K. Kovalchuk, DSc, academician PASA, leading research fellow, Federal State Budget Institution Northwest Research Institute of Agricultural Economics. E-mail: kuko@list.ru

E.V. Tulin, PhD, academician PASA, director general, Association of agricultural companies and service organizations “Lenplodoovosh”. E-mail: etulin2807@yandex.ru

E.G. Permyakov, junior research fellow, Federal State Budget Institution Northwest Research Institute of Agricultural Economics. E-mail: lenplod@mail.ru

  1. Pashinskii V.N., Kovalchuk Yu.K. Cluster Lenplodoovoshch: work on import substitution. Potato and vegetables. 2015. No. 1. Pp. 4–8 (In Russ.).
  2. Kovalchuk Y.K. Driver of the world economy: Leningrad model. Raleigh, North Carolina, USA: Open Science Publishing, 2018. 204 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Kovalchuk Yu.K. Nizhny Novgorod model: expert opinion. International agricultural journal. 1995. No. 3. Pp. 5–8 (In Russ.).
  4. Program of restoration and development of agriculture. The Leningrad model. Comp. Koval'chuk Yu.K. Ed. by N.G. Dmitrieva. St. Petersburg. 1998. 52 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Kovalchuk Yu.K. 100 days program of F. D. Roosevelt to lead USA out of the great Depression: experience for Russia. Modern economic and social development: problems and prospects. Proceedings of the Free economic society of Russia. Vol. 14. St. Petersburg. SPAN LLC. 2010. Pp. 47–64 (In Russ.).
  6. Pashinskii V.N., Kovalchuk Yu.K., Letunov S.B. Leningrad model: 20-year practice of implementation of the national strategy of agricultural development. Scientific review: theory and practice. 2016. No. 3. Pp. 38–51 (In Russ.).
  7. About implementation of Federal laws on state regulation of agroindustrial production in the region. Open letter of experts. Comp. Kovalchuk Yu.K. St. Petersburg. Sudarynya. 2004. 35 p. (In Russ.).
  8. Kovalchuk Yu.K. IMF, USA, Seven should report for the results of energy reforms in Russia. Economic and philosophical newspaper. 2008. No. 34. Pp. 39 (In Russ.).
  9. Kovalchuk Yu.K., Pashinskii V.N., Novitskaya T.V. National strategy for the implementation of the Doctrine of food security. Legislation for the implementation Of the doctrine of food security in the WTO and CU: Preprint. Part 4. St Petersburg. PANI. 2016. 68 p. (In Russ.).

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№1, 2019 en

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin

Contents

Editorial P. 2

Main topic

The main risks in the implementation of the National Strategy of the President. Yu.K. Kovalchuk, E.V. Tulin,E.G. Permyakov P. 3

Region

Dynamics raises hopes. I.A. Gurinovich P. 8

News P. 10

Masters of the branch

Knowledge from everywhere. I.S. Butov P. 12

Vegetable growing

Environmentally safe production of sweet pepper in spring greenhouses. V.V. Ognev, T.V. Chernova, A.N. Kostenko, E.N. Gabibova, V.K. Mukhortova, S.S. Avdeenko P. 13

Aspects of agrotechnology of the perennial wall-rocket in open ground. A.V. Litnetskii, M.I. Ivanova, A.I. Kashleva, D.N. Baleev, A.F. Bukharov, V.V. Mikhailov, N.L. Devochkina P. 16

The results of studies on the prevention of downy mildew of onions. I.I. Irkov, A.I. Denisenko, N.A. Gadzhikurbanov, A.B. Polezhaev P. 19

Biological preparation for protection and yield increase of onion. V.P. Tsvetkova, V.S. Maslennikova P. 22

Productivity and biometric indicators of tomato fruits depending on the illumination. E.V. Sokolova, V.M. Merzlyakova P. 25

Mechanization

Technology and equipment for potato growing at the exhibition Рotato Europe 2018. N.N. Kolchin, V.P. Elizarov, V.N. Zernov, S.N. Petukhov P. 27

Potato growing

New perspective potatoes varieties and their characteristic. Kh.Kh. Apshev, N.A. Timoshina, E.V. Knyazeva, L.S. Fedotova P. 30

Biotechnology to potato breeding. A.N. Gantimurova, V.I. Kulikova P. 34

Breeding and seed growing

Testing carrot cultivars in the conditions of Moscow and Rostov regions. L.A. Yusupova, L.M. Sokolova, A.V. Kornev, A.N. Khovrin P. 37

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Gertsoginya F1 hybrid is a real example of import substitution

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 635.342:635–152
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.13.2.009

G.A. Kostenko

Domestic hybrid of cabbage Gertsoginya is successfully grown in the best enterprises of the Moscow region, and in simple farms in other regions of the Russian Federation. Its yield reaches 100 t/ha, heads have high marketability and standard. The hybrid has increased adaptability, responds positively to the application of mineral fertilizers and is characterized by excellent keeping quality during winter and spring storage. At the same time, it is resistant to a complex of diseases during the growing season and during storage. Today it is one of the best competitive domestic hybrids.

Keywords: white cabbage, F1 Gertsoginya, hybrid, commercial vegetable growing.

G.A. Kostenko, PhD, leading research fellow of brassicaceae crops breeding laboratory, ARRIVG–branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center.E-mail: kostenko@poiskseeds.ru

  1. Your own business: growing cabbage [Web resource]. URL: https://www.openbusiness.ru/biz/business/svoy-biznes-vyrashchivanie-belokochannoy-kapusty. Access date: 17.01.2019 (In Russ.).
  2. Market vegetables: cabbage in leaders of growth of prices. [Web resource]. URL: http://ab-centre.ru/news/rynok-ovoschey-kapusta-v-liderah-rosta-cen. Access date: 17.01.2019 (In Russ.).
  3. Bulletins on the state of agriculture (electronic versions) [Web resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/doc_1265196018516 (In Russ.).
  4. Kostenko G.A. Hybrid F1 Duchess – the best domestic hybrid for super-and hypermarkets. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 8. Pp. 29–30 (In Russ.).
  5. Baklanova O.V., Davletbaeva O.R., Ibragimbekov M.G., Kosenko M.A., Kostenko G.A., Tereshonkova T.A., Timakova L.N., Chistyakova L.A., Khovrin A.N. Domestic varieties and hybrids for trade networks. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 10. Pp. 2–7 (In Russ.).

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Encapsulation of seeds is an important element of resource-saving technologies

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 631.53.027
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.93.2.008

S.V. Fefelova, A.M. Men’shikh, A.V. Yanchenko

The article describes the advantages of seed encapsulation over other types of pre-sowing treatment. The essence of the method and the technological process of making dragees are revealed. Modern technology of production of vegetable crops provides for a high yield with high quality products. Increasing the yield of table root crops is possible through the use of new high-yielding varieties and hybrids, and reduce the non-standard part of the crop. The use of encapsulation in pre-sowing seed treatment in the cultivation of table carrots and table beets, in comparison with traditional methods of seed treatment, provides better retention of drugs on the surface and give a more positive effect on the intensive growth and development of plants of table carrots and beets, which reduces the direct costs of additional processing of crops and reduce the pesticide load on the crop.

Keywords: seeds, seed encapsulation, resource-saving technologies, seed pelleting, advantages of encapsulation, capsule manufacturing process.

S.V. Fefelova, PhD, senior research fellow, department of technologies and innovations Tel.: +7 (916) 463–04–20. E-mail: babichsv7@yandex.ru

A.M. Menshikh, PhD, leading research fellow, head of department of technologies and innovations.. Tel.: +7 (916) 750–21–37. E-mail: soulsunnet@gmail.com.

A.V. Yanchenko, PhD, leading research fellow, head of laboratory of mechanization of seed growing, department of technologies and innovations. Тел.: +7 (916) 380–32–81. E-mail: laboratoria2008@yandex.ru

  1. Yanchenko A.V. Ways of improving the quality of carrot root crops on alluvial medium loamy soils of the Non-Chernozem zone: Diss. of Cand. of Agr. Sc. Moscow: VNIIO. 2008. 111 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Yanchenko A.V. Agrotechnical methods of obtaining ecologically safe root crops of carrots. Potato and vegetables. 2008. No.3. Pp. 15–16 (In Russ.).
  3. Bykovsky Yu.A., Yanchenko A.V., Azopkov M. I., Golubovich V.S., Fefelova S.V., Bagrov R.A. Promising preparations for inlaying seeds of table roots. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No.5. Pp. 16-19 (In Russ.).
  4. Fefelova S.V., Shaimanov A.A., Yanchenko A.V. Influence of pre-sowing treatment of table carrot seeds by plasma on field germination and yield. Collection of scientific works on the materials of the International scientific and practical conference dedicated to the VII Kvasnikovsky readings. 2016. Pp. 304–308 (In Russ.).
  5. Shaimanov A.A., Yanchenko A.V. We offer a complex of machines for pre-sowing preparation of seeds. Potato and vegetables. 2008. No.2. C. 23 (In Russ.).

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Molecular markers in onion breeding

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
УДК 635.25
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.28.2.007

R.R. Alizhanova, S.G. Monakhos, G.F. Monakhos

The studies were conducted in 2016–2018 in the laboratory of genetics, breeding and biotechnology of vegetable crops of the RSAU – MTAA. The aim of the research is to assess the efficiency of known molecular markers orfA501 и 5» cob to genotype a type of onion (Allium cepa L.) male sterility inducing cytoplasm’s, CMS- (S) and CMS- (T) and normal (N) cytoplasm, to genotype restorer fertility and maintainer sterility alleles Ms/ms of a nuclear gene, marker of onion downy mildew resistance gene. The use of these two marker systems (orfA501 и 5» cob) confirmed the type of cytoplasm of all screened male sterility onion plants. Six onion accessions had CMS-S type of cytoplasm, four accessions – CMS-T and two accessions had normal N-cytoplasm. The efficiency of recommended DNA-marker JnurF13 to genotype restorer fertility (Ms) allele and maintainer sterility (ms) allele of a nuclear gene was confirmed using a set of different onion accessions. The use of molecular marker Jnurf 13 helps to genotype the onion plant in relation to allelic state of the sterility maintainer allele (ms) in plants with N-cytoplasm and shortens the process of developing sterility maintainer lines. Allium roylei is completely resistant to downy mildew which is controlled by a single dominant Pd1 gene. Marker DMR1 of onion downy mildew resistance gene was studied using an accessions of Timofeev’s plant breeding station (RSAU – MTAA) involved in a breeding programs and commercial cultivars of foreign companies.

Keywords: onion (Allium cepa L.), cytoplasmic male sterility, DNA markers, downy mildew, resistance gene, restorer fertility, maintainer sterility.

R.R. Alizhanova, postgraduate, Department Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MTAA; tel. 8–915–425–63–29. E-mail: rada.aliz@mail.ru.

S.G. Monakhos, Head of the Department Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MTAA, Dr. Sci. in Agricultural sciences; tel. +7 (499) 976–41–71. E-mail: s.monakhos@rgau-msha.ru.

G.F. Monakhos, PhD, General Director, Limited company «Breeding station after N.N. Timofeev»; tel. +7 (499) 977–11–74. E-mail: breedst@mail.ru.

  1. Clarke, A.E., H.A. Jones, and T.M. Little. Inheritance of bulb color in onion. Genetics. 1944. No 29: Pp. 569–575.
  2. Berninger E. Contribution a l'etude de la sterilite male de l'oignon (Allium cepa L.). Ann. Amelior. Plant (Paris). 1965.No 23. Рp. 183–199.
  3. Jones H., S. Emsweller. A male sterile onion. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 1936. No 34. Pp. 582–585.
  4. Schweisguth B.. Etude d’un nouveau type destérilité mâle chez l’oignon, Allium cepa L. Ann. Amelior. Plant. 1973. No 23. Pp. 221–233.
  5. Engelke T., Terefe D., Tatlioglu T. A PCR-based marker system monitoring CMS- (S), CMS- (T) and (N) -cytoplasm in the onion (Allium cepa L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 2003. No 107 Рp. 162–167.
  6. Kim S. A codominant molecular marker in linkage disequilibrium with a restorer-of-fertility gene (Ms) and its application in reevaluation of inheritance of fertility restoration in onions. Mol Breeding. 2014. No 34. Рp.769–778.
  7. Seongjun Kim, Cheol-Woo Kim, M Choi, Sunggil Kim. Development of a simple PCR marker tagging the Allium roylei fragment harboring resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) in onion (Allium cepa L.) // Euphytica. 2015. DOI: 10.1007/s10681–015–1601–2.
  8. Murray M.G., Thompson W.F. Rapid isolation of high-molecular-weight plant DNA // Nucleic Acids Res. 1980. No 8. Pp. 4321–4325.
  9. Kofoet A., Zinkernagel V. (1990) Resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora destructor (Berk.) Casp.) in Allium species. // J. Plant Dis Prot. 97 (1) Pp. 13–23.

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Substantiation of the basic scheme and technical parametres for system of original seed- potato growing

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 631.171
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.11.2.006

S.N. Petukhov

Results of search for effective ways of modernization of process of original seed-growing in a direction of increase in a multiplication ratio of a seeds at a stage of potato mini-tubers cultivation are resulted. Experimental working of technology elements and technical parametres of the technological module is spent. The basic scheme of the new generation technological module is developed.

Keywords: potato, original seed-growing, modernization, a multiplication ratio, technical parametres, the basic scheme.

S.N. Petukhov, PhD, leading research fellow, All-Russian institute of Mechanization. E-mail: vim@vim.ru .

  1. Zernov V.N., Ponomarev A.G., Abramov Z.T. Development and analysis of technological and technical support for the production of mini-tubers grown in the conditions of vegetation houses. Innovative development of agro-industrial complex of Russia on the basis of intellectual technologies: coll. of papers of international. science and tech. conferences. Moscow. VIM. 2014. Pp. 149–153 (In Russ.).
  2. Zernov V.N., Kolchin N.N. Self-regulating system of mineral nutrition on the basis of zeolite substrates in the original seed production of potatoes. Innovative development of agriculture of Russia on the basis of intelligent machine technologies: coll. of papers of international scientific and technical conference. Moscow. VIM. 2014. Pp. 153–155 (In Russ.).
  3. Martirosyan Yu. Ts., Martirosyan V.V., Zernov V.N. New technologies in the production of improved seed potatoes. Agrarian question. 2012. No. 5 (37). Pp. 18–19 (In Russ.).
  4. Zernov V.N. Classification of methods for obtaining virus-free mini-tubers of potatoes on the basis of biotechnological methods. Intelligent machine technologies and equipment for the implementation of the state program of agricultural development: coll. of papers of scientific and technical conference. Moscow. VIM. 2015. Pp. 245–249 (In Russ.).
  5. Kolchin N.N., Zernov V.N., Mikheev V.V. Technological techniques and technologies used in breeding and seed production of potatoes, their classification. Intelligent machine technologies and equipment for the implementation of the State program of agricultural development: coll. of papers of international scientific and technical conference. Moscow. VIM, 2015. Pp. 249–252 (In Russ.).

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Resource-saving technology of cultivation of early potatoes

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:631.5
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.14.2.005

M.E. Dyikanova, A.G. Levshin, I.N. Gasparyan, O.N. Ivashova

The article presents the research materials of the influence of technological reception – germination on the production of early products, allowing saving energy resources in the cultivation of early potatoes and getting the maximum income. There is an increase in net energy income by 5.9–31.9%, coefficients of energy cost by 6.3–32.8%, as well as cost reduction by 0.09–0.33 GJ/t of tubers.

Keywords: light germination, yield, cost, profitability, net energy ratio, energy cost.

M.E. Dyikanova, PhD, senior lecturer, department of vegetable growing

A.G. Levshin, DSc, prof., head of department of management of machinery and tractor fleet and high technologies in crop production

I.N. Gasparyan, DSc, associate professor of department of management of machinery and tractor fleet and high technologies in crop production. E-mail: irina150170@yandex.ru (responsible for correspondence)

O.N. Ivashova, associate professor of department of information technologies in agriculture

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  2. Anisimov B.V. et al. Monitoring of the current state of potato production in Russia (Handbook). Moscow. VNIIKH, 2017. 35 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Matyuk N.S., Polin V.D. Resource-saving technologies of tillage in adaptive agriculture: manual. Moscow: Publishing House RSAU-MSAA after K. A. Timiryazev. 2013. 222 p. (In Russ.).
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  6. Pisarev B.A. Production of early potatoes. Moscow. Rosselkhozizdat. 1986. 287 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Bitsoev B.A. et al. Energy saving in technologies of early potatoes growing. Agroindustrial complex of Russia. 2018. Vol. 25. No.24. Pp. 507–511 (In Russ.).
  8. Gasparyan, I.N., Dyikanova M.E. How to raise a crop of early potatoes. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 2. Pp. 29–31 (In Russ.).

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Polar 50 against powdery mildew of cucumber

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 635.63:632.937
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.12.2.004

K.L. Alekseeva, L.G. Smetanina

The biological and economic efficiency of Polar 50 preparation against powdery mildew of greenhouse cucumber is evaluated. Optimum terms and norms of consumption of fungicide in the conditions of film greenhouses are established. The greatest effect (86.8%) is achieved by triple spraying of plants with an interval of 14 days, the rate of the Polar preparations is 250 g/ha at the first symptoms of the disease. Consumption of working solution is1000 l/ha.

Keywords: powdery mildew of cucumber, film greenhouses, fungicide Polar 50, biological efficiency, yield.

K.L. Alekseeva, DSc, chief research fellow of the department for greenhouse and mushroom industry, ARRIVG–branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center. E- mail: vniioh@yandex.ru

L.G. Smetanina, PhD, senior research fellow of the department for greenhouse and mushroom industry, ARRIVG–branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center. E- mail: vniioh@yandex.ru

  1. Akhatov A.K. Protection of vegetable crops and potatoes from diseases. Moscow 2006. 352 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Litvinov S.S. Methodology of field experience in vegetable growing. Moscow. 2011. 679 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Methodical instructions on registration tests of fungicides in agriculture (ed. by V. I. Dolzhenko). Saint Petersburg. VIZR. 2009. 378 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Serbin A.G., Leontiev D.V., Rossikhin V.V. Fundamentals of medical mycology. Kharkiv. 2009. 104 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Stranishevskaya E.P. et al. Effectiveness of the fungicide polar 50 against oidium on grapes. Protection and quarantine of plants. 2015. No.11. Pp. 37 (In Russ.).

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Immunitsitofit on tomatoes in open field

Posted on 02.12.2019 by admin
UDC 635.64: [632.937+631.811.98]
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.16.2.003

O.V. Korobeinikova, V.M. Merzlyakova

In the conditions of the Udmurt Republic studied the effect of spraying tomato plant with growth regulator Immunotsitofit on yield and diseases symptoms. As a result the yield of tomato varieties Liang and Grotto has increased. Spraying with Immunotsitofit significantly reduced tomato apical rot and late blight.

Keywords: tomato, open ground, determinate varieties, Liang, Grotto, plant growth regulators, Immunotsitofit, yield diseased noninfectious apical rot, late blight.

О.V. Korobejnikova, PhD, associate professor, department of agricultural and land management. E-mail: korobejnikova.olga@inbox.ru

V.M. Merzlyakovа, PhD, associate professor, department of chemistry. E-mail: rector@izhgsha.ru Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy

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  7. Preparation showing growth-regulating and immunomodulatory activity. [Web resource]. URL: http://www.freepatent.ru/patents/2513621. Access date: 30.01.2017.
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  10. List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation in 2012. Appendix to the Plant protection and quarantine journal. 2012. No.4. 580 p. (In Russ.).

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