№5, 2019 en

Posted on 21.11.2019 by admin

Contents

Main topic

Features of use of land resources in agriculture and vegetable growing of the Russian Federation. A.F. Razin, R.A. Meshcheryakova, O.A. Razin, N.N. Lebedeva, T.N. Surikhina, G.A. Telegina P. 2

For breeding independence. R.A. Bagrov P. 10

State-private partnership: the future begins today. T.S. Romanov P. 11

Vegetable growing

Gladiator – a new dill cultivar. M.G. Ibragimbekov, A.N. Khovrin, O.R. Davletbaeva P. 14

Guarding the health of vegetables P. 16

Cucumber in the open ground: optimal growing methods. A.V. Konstantinovich, V.I. Terekhova P. 17

Diagnosing of carrots diseases using lamp of Wood. L.M. Sokolova, E.A. Sedov, S.A. Maslovskii, M.E. Zamyatina, N.A. Karpova P. 19

Mechanization

Methods and devices for an estimation of potato varieties and hybrids suitability to a mechanical harvesting. V.N. Zernov, S.N. Petukhov P. 22

Potato growing

Dynamics of Potato Virus Y disease on potato varieties in the field. Yu.S. Panycheva, D.M. Vasiliev, T.P. Suprunova, A.N. Sakharova, A.N. Ignatov P. 25

Storage of seed potatoes using chemical and physical methods of influence on tubers. S.V. Maltsev, D.V. Abrosimov, O.V. Abashkin P. 31

Breeding and seed growing

Production and phytosanitary evaluation of potato seed tubers obtained in the forest-steppe of the Altai Region’s Ob River area. N.V. Chevychelova, E.I. Sedykh, S.V. Zharkova, V.I. Leunov P. 35

Heterosis F1 hybrids of vegetable marrow. A.V. Medvedev, S.V. Kuzmin, A.V. Tikhonova, A.F. Bukharov P. 38

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The reaction of new potato varieties in compacting planting

Posted on 21.11.2019 by Саша Корнев
UDC 635.21:631.543.2
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.98.67.007

A.E. Shabanov, A.I. Kiselev

The article presents the results of research on responsiveness of new potato varieties in the compacting of the landings on the yield and quality of products. Given the economic estimation of efficiency of seal landings in different conditions of vegetation of plants. The optimal density of standing for a number of varieties on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils of the Central region of the non-Chernozem region of the Russian Federation is recommended.

Keywords: quality, density, planting diagram, yields, quality indicators, efficiency.

A.E. Shabanov, PhD, head of the department of agro-ecological assessment of varieties and hybrids. E-mail: agro-vniikh@mail.ru

A.I. Kiselev, PhD, senior research fellow of the department of agro-technological evaluation of varieties and hybrids. E-mail: agro-vniikh@mail.ru All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Industry named after A.G. Lorch

  1. Vladimirov Ju.M. Yield and quality of early potatoes depending on the variety, methods of germination and planting density in the Volga-Vyatka district: abstract ... cand. agricultural science. Moscow. 2001. 24 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Fedjanin Ju.V. Productivity and quality of perspective potato varieties depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation in the conditions of the Central Chernozem zone: abstract ... cand. agricultural science. Moscow. 2007. 22 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Zebrin S.N., Shabanov A.Je., Kiselev A.I. Responsiveness of new varieties to agricultural techniques. Potato and vegetables. 2006. №7. Pp. 14–15 (In Russ.).
  4. Skrjabin A.A. Formation of yield and density of potato stalks at different planting density and methods of pre-planting soil treatment in the Urals abstract ... cand. agricultural science. Perm', 2007. 19 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Methods of research on potato culture. Ed. by N.S. Bacanova. Moscow. NIIKH, 1967. 262 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Kirjukhin V.P. Methods of physiological and biochemical studies of potatoes. Moscow. NIIKH, 1989. 142 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Guidelines for determining the table qualities of potatoes. Ed. by S.M. Bukasova. Leningrad. 1975. 15 p. (In Russ.).
  8. The method of determining the economic efficiency of the use in agriculture of the results of research and development work, new technology, inventions and innovation proposals. Moscow. VNIIPI, 1983. 149 p. (In Russ.).
  9. Dospehov B.A. Methodology of field experience. Moscow. Agropromizdat. 1985. 351 p. (In Russ.).
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Potato fields of Russia are waiting for quality seeds, new technologies and equipment

Posted on 21.11.2019 by Саша Корнев
UDC 635.21:631.3
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.27.28.006

N.N. Kolchin, V.I. Leunov

The article highlights the world experience of agricultural engineering and highlights the main reasons for the backlog of this industry in Russia. A number of proposals for the development and implementation of complex works on the creation and introduction of advanced technologies and equipment in agriculture in Russia. The main tasks for the creation and production of agricultural machinery in modern conditions are formulated.

Keywords: potato growing, machinery, technologies.

N.N. Kolchin, DSc, prof., chief research fellow, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM» (FSBSI FSAC VIM)

V.I. Leunov, DSc, prof., acting dean of faculty of agronomy and biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy E-mail: vileunov@mail.ru

  1. Tubolev S.S. and other. Machine technologies and machinery for potato production. M.: Agrospas, 2010. Pp. 316. (In Russ.).
  2. Kolchin N.N. and other. Technology and complexes of machines for cultivation of the most important agricultural crops. Ch. I. Potatoes. M.: INFRA-M, 1997. Pp. 104 (In Russ.).
  3. Ksenevich I.P. and other. Mechanical engineering. Encyclopedia. Agricultural machinery and equipment. T. IV-16. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1998. Pp. 720 (In Russ.).
  4. Kashin V.I. Not to imitate, but to revive // Rural life. 2016. № 28. Pp. 4 (In Russ.).
  5. Putin V.V. Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of December 1, 2016 [web resource] URL: https://base.garant.ru/71552000. Access date: 18.01.19. (In Russ.).
  6. Kolchin N.N. Revival of domestic agricultural machinery is an urgent and important state task // Tractors and agricultural machinery. 2016. №10. Pp. 3–7. (In Russ.).
  7. Lishhenko V.F. and other. The state and prospects of development of the food system of Russia (on the example of the potato complex). M.: Jekonomika, 2016. Pp. 446. (In Russ.).
  8. Kolchin N.N. and other. Special equipment for potato production in small farms // Tractors and agricultural machinery. 2012. №5. Pp. 48–53. (In Russ.).
  9. Tubolev S.S., Kolchin N.N. Development of domestic agricultural machinery on the example of production of special equipment for potato and vegetable growing. M.: FGBNU «Rosinformagroteh», 2011. Pp. 68. (In Russ.).
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Plant breeding for disease resistance is a base of plant protection in organic farming

Posted on 21.11.2019 by admin
UDC 632:631–527
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.92.83.009

S.G. Monakhos, A.V. Voronina, A.V. Baidina, O.N. Zubko

The role and importance of organic farming in improving the quality of life of humanity are obvious. The one of the key problems limiting the organic technologies is the problem of plant protection against diseases and pests. Due to high specificity of organic farming technologies, particularly the requirements for the use of nature-like technologies and the restrictions on the use of pesticides, durable disease resistance of crops becomes super-actual.

Keywords: plant breeding, disease resistance, plant protection, organic farming.

S.G. Monakhos, Dsc, vice director, Breeding station after N.N. Timofeev Ltd. Tel. +7 (499) 976–41–71. E-mail: smonakhos@gmail.com.

A.V. Voronina, PhD, assistant, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MAA. Tel. +7 (499) 976–41–71. E-mail: chistovan@mail.ru.

A.V. Baidina, assistant, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MAA. Tel. +7 (499) 976–41–71. E-mail: a.baidina@rgau-msha.ru.

O.N. Zubko, postgraduate student, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MAA. Tel.: +7 (499) 976–41–71. E-mail: Zubkoolga21@mail.ru.

  1. Korshunov, S. A., Asaturova, A. M., Khomyak, A. I. et al. Formation and prospects of organic agriculture in Russia (review) Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 11. P. 2. DOI: 10.25630/PAV.2018.85.11.001. (In Russ.).
  2. Chistik, A. A. A good start. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No.12. Pp. 4–6 (In Russ.).
  3. The Union of organic agriculture presented the results of a large-scale study of the organic agriculture market and the biologization of agriculture. [Web resource]. URL: https://soz.bio/rezultaty-issledovanija-rynka-organicheskogo-selskogo-hozjajstva/ /  (In Russ.). Access date: 27.04.2019.
  4. Butov I.S. There is still an opportunity to become a leader. Potato and vegetables. 2018. No.11. Pp. 4–6 (In Russ.).
  5. Khrustaleva L., Mardini M., Kudryavtseva N. et al. The power of genomic in sity hybridization (GISH) in interspecific breeding of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) resistant o downy mildew (Peronospora destructor [Berk.] Casp.). Plants. 2019. Pp. 8–36. DOI: 10.3390/plants8020036.
  6. Diederichsen E., Frauen M., Enrico G.A., Linders K., Hatakeyama M. HiraiStatus and Perspectives of Clubroot Resistance Breeding in Crucifer Crops. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 2009. Vol. 28. Issue 3. Pp. 265–281.
  7. Scholten O.E. et al. The long and winding road leading to the successful introgression of downy mildew resistance into onion. Euphytica. 2007. Vol. 156. Pp. 345–353. DOI: 10.1007/s10681–007–9383–9.
  8. Gosal S.S., Chahal G.S. Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding: Biotechnological And Conventional Approaches // Alpha science international Ltd. 2006. 600 p.
  9. Hogenboom N.G. Economic Importance of Breeding for Disease Resistance. In: Jacobs T., Parlevliet J.E. (eds), Durability of Disease Resistance. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture. 1993. Vol. 18. Pp. 5–9. DOI: 10.1007/978–94–011–2004–3_1.
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The South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta Meyrick, is a new dangerous pest of tomato in the Rostov region of Russia

Posted on 21.11.2019 by Саша Корнев
UDC 635.64:632.78
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.30.20.002

I.M. Mityushev, V.V. Ognev, E.I. Korsunov

The article deals with data on origin and world distribution of the South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta Meyrick. At the end of 2019, the South American tomato moth is common pest in most of South America, in Central America, it is noted in Costa Rica, Panama and Haiti. In Africa, the pest has been recorded in 25 countries. In Asia, the South American tomato moth has been recorded in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal. Having first penetrated Spain in 2006, T. absoluta has now spread widely in Europe. In Russia, the South American tomato moth was first identified in 2010 in the Republic of Adygea. The description of morphological and biological features of the pest is given. The distribution and harmfulness of tomato moth under conditions of the Rostov Oblast of Russia is shown. In 2019, the tomato moth spread throughout the Krivyanskaya village. The first signs of damage to tomatoes by moths in 2019 have been noted since June, only in some remote farm areas – since July. The first foci in greenhouses are noted, as a rule, on the side rows and in the corners of greenhouses. The pest control measures to limit its further spreading are suggested. A thorough quarantine control of products and seedlings of nightshade crops from the pest distribution zones is necessary, ensuring the spatial isolation of greenhouses from planting nightshade crops in the open ground. It is necessary to destroy damaged parts of plants (leaves with mines, fruits with moves), post-harvest residues and nightshade weeds regularly. It is necessary crop rotation with the growing of intact intermediate crops. During the growing season, it is necessary to identify the pest and conduct a mass catch of males using pheromone traps. The international Committee for the prevention of insecticide resistance recommends the use of about 40 preparations from 12 classes, including bacterial, against T. absoluta.

Keywords: tomato, South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta, gelechiid moths, Gelechiidae, plant quarantine, plant protection, pest identification, harmfulness, pest control.

I.M. Mityushev, PhD, associate professor, Department of Plant protection, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. E-mail: mityushev@mail.ru

V.V. Ognev, PhD, associate professor, director, Rostov Breeding Centre of PoiskAgro Holding. E-mail:ognevvv@bk.ru

E.I. Korsunov, postgraduate student, Don State Agrarian University. E-mail: bes-i993@mail.ru

  1. Datasheet: Tuta absoluta (tomato leafminer). [Web resource]. URL: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/49260. Access: 28.10.2019
  2. Zhimerikin V.N., Mironova M.K., Dulov М.V. South American tomato moth. Plant protection and quarantine. 2009. No 6. Pp. 34–35 (In Russ.).
  3. Izhevskii S.S., Akhatov A.K., Sinev S.Yu. Tomato mining moth already has been indicated in Russia. Plant protection and quarantine. 2011. No 3. Pp. 40–44 (In Russ.). Tuta absoluta // ЕРРО Global Database. [Web resource]. URL: https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/GNORAB. Access: 28.10.2019 (In Russ.).
  4. Unified list of quarantine objects of the Eurasian economic Union with amendments and additions dated May 2, 2018 [Web resource]. URL: https://vniikr.ru/edinyij-perechen-karantinnyix-obektov-evrazijskogo-ekonomicheskogo-soyuza. Access date: 28.10.2019 (In Russ.).
  5. National report on quarantine phytosanitary condition of the territory of the Russian Federation. [Web resource.] URL: https://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps-docs/ru/usefulinf/files/nd2019.pdf. Access date: 28.10.2019 (In Russ.).
  6. Zakhvatkin Y.A., Mityushev I.M., Tretyakov N.N. Insect biology: a textbook. Moscow. Book house Librokom. URSS. 2013. 392 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Plant protection: Phytopathology and entomology: textbook /O.O. Beloshapkina, V.V. Gritsenko, I.M. Mityushev, S.I. Chebanenko. Rostov-on-Don. Phoenix. 2017. 477 p.
  8. Mityushev I.M. Insect pheromones and their application in plant protection: textbook. Moscow. Publishing house of the Russian State Agrarian University after K. A. Timiryazev. 2015. 124 p. (In Russ.).
  9. Ravashdeh Sh. H. A.-A. Biology, harmfulness and improvement of control measures against tomato moth –Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) – in Jordan: abstract of a thesis of Cand. Biol. Sci. Moscow. Russian State Agrarian University after K. A. Timiryazev. 2014. 23 p. (In Russ.).
  10. State catalogue of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the territory of the Russian Federation. Part I. Pesticides. Official edition. M., Ministry Of Agriculture Of Russia. 2019. 861 p. [Web resource]. URL: http://www.mcx.ru (In Russ.).
  11. Prischepa L.I., Wojtek D.V. Biological control of tomato leaf miner moth. Protection and quarantine of plants. 2013. No.4. Pp. 39–42 (In Russ.).
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Perspective selection of eggplant for the South of Russia

Posted on 21.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.646:631.5:631.527
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.44.16.008

N.V. Geraskina, V.V. Ognev

The perspective directions of selection of eggplant for conditions of open and protected soil are presented. The perspective source material for different directions of use is allocated. The characteristic of perspective samples for use in selection is given. As initial material for breeding it is advisable to use the obtained varieties and F1 hybrids Eskimo, Caliph, Sword of the samurai, Goliath Dessert, Umka, Albion, new line material Kit 53, L 67, L 83, 85/17, 94/16, L 107.

Keywords: eggplant, selection, source material, variety, hybrid, open and protected ground.

N.V. Geraskina, PhD, breeder of Plant Breeding and Seed Center «Rostovskii», Poisk Agroholding, senior research fellow of Birutchecutskaya vegetable experimental station – branch of FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: geraskina.89@mail.ru

V.V. Ognev, PhD, the director of Plant Breeding and Seed Center «Rostovskiy», Poisk Agroholding. E-mail: ognevvv@bk.ru

  1. Gish R.A. Eggplant. Biology, varieties, growing technology. Krasnodar. 1999. 168 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Luschits T.E. Pepper, eggplant, physalis. Minsk. Book House. 2001. 80 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Geraskina N.V., Ognev V.V. Eggplant for new directions of use. Potato and vegetables. 2017. No.7. Pp. 33–34 (In Russ.).
  4. Klimenko N.N., Khovrin A.N., Ognev V.V. Poisk Agro Holding. Breeding of health and longevity. Potatoes and vegetables. 2017. No.9. Pp. 8–11 (In Russ.).
  5. Litvinov S.S. Methodology of experimental work in vegetable growing. M.: VNIIO. RAAS. 2011. 650 p. (In Russ.).
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Improvement of potato cultivation technology in the precision farming system

Posted on 20.11.2019 by admin
UDC 633.491:631.84(470.31)
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.39.30.007

A.I. Belenkov, E.V. Berezovskii, S.V. Zhelezova

Information on the introduction and development of technology of precision farming on the example of potatoes in the field experience of the Center of Precision Agriculture of the RSAU – MTAA named after K.A. Timiryazev is given. It has been established that, when compared with the traditional technology, potatoes were planted and combed on shoots using GPS satellite navigation equipment, accurate, better and more qualitatively. The advantage of the exact technology manifested itself in obtaining higher yields, which exceeded the traditional technology, on average over the years of research, by 0.8 t/ha, while the dump processing was ahead of the minimum by exact technology by 2.3 t/ha, and by the traditional 3.4 t/ha.

Keywords: exact (coordinate) farming, potatoes, cultivation technology, tillage reception, autopilot, marker, aisles, ridge formation, effective area, yield.

A.I. Belenkov (author for correspondence), DSc, professor of the Department of Agriculture and MOU, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: belenokaleksis@mail.ru

E.V. Berezovsky, PhD, Head of Precision Farming, LLC Amazone

S.V. Zhelezova, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Agriculture and MOD, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev

  1. Precision agriculture (ed. by D. Shpaar, A.V. Zakharenko, V.P. Yakushev). Saint Petersburg. Pushkin. 2009. 400 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Programming of crop yields in their growing with the use of innovative technologies (ed. by A.S. Ovchinnikov, I.B. Borisenko, Yu.N., Pleskachev). Volgograd. Volgograd State Agricultural Academy. 2011. 145 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Yakushev V.V., Voropaev V.V., Lekomtsev P.V. Technology of precision agriculture: experience of implementation in the fields of Menkovskaya experimental station AFI RAAS. Resource-saving agriculture. 2009. No.2. Pp. 31–34 (In Russ.).
  4. Balabanov V.I. et al. Navigation technologies in agriculture. Coordinate agriculture: a handbook. Moscow. RSAU-MSAA after K.A. Timiryazev. 2013. 148 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Pleskachev Yu.N., Romenskaya O.N. Influence of microbiological fertilizers azotovit and phosphatovit on potato productivity in the Lower Volga region. Agrarian scientific journal. Saratov. 2018. No.1. Pp. 24–26 (In Russ.).
  6. Belenkov A.I., Zhelezova S.V., Berezovsky E.V., Mazirov M.A. Elements of precision agriculture technology in the field experience of RSAU – MSHA after K.A. Timiryazev. Izvestiya TSHA. 2011. Vol.6. Pp. 90–100 (In Russ.).
  7. Belenkov A., Mazirov M., Arefieva V. Theoretical and practical aspects of basic soil treatment in the conditions of modern soil management systems in Russia. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science. 2018. No. 7 (4). Pp. 300–307.
  8. Belenkov A.I., Sabo Umar, Kunafin R.I. Main soil treatment: comparative analysis in modern systems of agriculture. Fields of Russia. 2016. No.11 (144). Pp. 68–69 (In Russ.).
  9. Nikolaev V.A., Belenkov A.I. How does soil tillage affect its agrophysics? Farmer of the Volga Region. 2016. No. 7. Pp. 32–35. In Russ.).
  10.  Belenkov A. I., Sabo Umar, Malakhov N. V. The study of the influence of tillage technology on the fertility of sod-podzolic soil in the field experience. Agrochemical Bulletin. 2016. No.3. Pp. 29–32 (In Russ.).
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New machinery for potato growing

Posted on 20.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:631.3
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.77.31.006

N.N. Kolchin, A.G. Ponomarev, V.N. Zernov

Modern and reliable machinery and innovative machine technologies for potato production are key factors in improving potato production efficiency. The current conditions of potato production in Russia show that medium-sized complexes are the most popular and widespread today. A number of Russian enterprises together with foreign partners are trying to revive the production of potato equipment in our country of medium size at a new level. The article presents new modern models of machines universal mounted cultivator-comb-forming cultivator KGP-4; potato-planting machine CR450M with the possibility of combining a number of technological operations (soil preparation, planting, combing, spraying, local application of granular fertilizers and protection against soil erosion); original combine Spirit 5200 bunker type; scheduled for mass production without a bin harvester (digger- loader) AVR Lynx.

Keywords: potato production, machine technologies, complexes of machines, cultivator, models of new machines, potato-planting machines, combines, control management, quality of work.

N.N. Kolchin, DSc, prof., chief research fellow, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM» (FSBSI FSAC VIM). E–mail: kolchinnn@mail.ru

A.G. Ponomarev, PhD, leading research fellow, FSBSI FSAC VIM. E–mail: agrodisel@mail.ru

V.N. Zernov, PhD, leading research fellow, FSBSI FSAC VIM. E–mail: vim@vim.ru

  1. Kolchin N. N., Elizarov V. P., Mikheev V. V., Ponomarev A. G. Modern technologies and equipment for seed preparation. Potato and vegetables. 2014. No.5. Pp. 27–29 (In Russ.).
  2. Kolchin N. N., Zvolinsky V.N. Again about the case of extreme state importance. Tractors and agricultural machines. 2017. No. 8. Pp. 13–16 (In Russ.).
  3. Tubolev S. S., Kolchin N. N. The development of the domestic agricultural machinery on the example of production of special equipment for potato and vegetable growing. Moscow. Rosinformagrotech. 2011. 68 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Kolchin N.N., Zernov V.N., Petukhov S.N., Aksenov A.G. Application and development of machine technologies of potato production. Papers collection: Potato growing. Ed. 2017. Pp. 89–97 (In Russ.).
  5. Zernov, V. N., Petukhov, S. N. Prospects of development of domestic agricultural machinery. Innovations in agriculture. 2018.  No.4 (29). Pp. 285–293. (In Russ.).
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Applied value of determination of reproductive potential and aggressiveness of fungal and pseudo-fungal pathogens of potato and tomato

Posted on 19.11.2019 by admin
УДК 635.21:632.4
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.71.33.005

A.N. Smirnov, E.S. Prikhodko,V.V. Vasilchenko, V.P. Khokhlov, A.A. Sukhorukov, S.A. Kuznetsov

The work purpose: determination of the reproductive potential of the pathogen of potato and tomato mushroom and pseudogenes nature to assess the effectiveness of means of protection of plants. The chosen approach allows to clarify the strength and reliability of the fungicidal effect against various pathogens. The experiments were carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the laboratory of plant protection, Russian state agrarian University – MTAA named after K. A. Timiryazev. For comparison of multiple approaches, evaluating the effectiveness of means of protection of plants, we analyzed the array data on the ability of pgpr n-fixing Klebsiella planticola to suppress early blight on potato. In recent years, this disease has become a leader on potatoes and very significant on tomato. In the field, their aggressiveness was determined by the prevalence of the disease (equivalent to frequency of infections), disease activity (degree of leaf tissue becoming necrotic, equivalent to necrosis) and the intensity of sporulation, detectable by microscopic analysis of field samples in the laboratory. The infection rate, necrosis size and sporulation intensity were determined by specially designed scales. To determine the intensity of sporulation, the studied plant tissues were kept in a moist chamber and then subjected to microscopy. The authors ranked the values of indicators of disease development and its causative agent, that is, referred to the standardized ranges (intervals) of values. The ranking assessment of diseases was based on the Weber – Fechner law. On the basis of these values, biological, sporulation and phytosanitary efficiency was calculated for all variants. Then all the obtained and calculated indicators were transferred to the ranks. Determining the presence of the fungicidal effect of treatments of rhizobacteria K. planticola, based on the calculated ranks determined the total ratings of all indicators in accordance with conservative and integral approaches. The values of the indices of development, conidia formation and aggressiveness allow us to calculate the thresholds of economic harmfulness, to build short-and long-term forecasts of the development of late blight and alternariosis on potatoes and tomato, and as a result to optimize decision-making systems (DMS) and decision support systems (DSS) to reduce environmental risks and economic costs of protective measures. It is established that the method is expedient to apply at especially important tests of various chemical means of protection of plants. In addition, the determination of the reproductive potential of potato pathogens of fungal and pseudo-fungal nature will allow to assess the phytosanitary potential of potato and tomato plantings, to clarify their breeding strategies and phytosanitary risks of subsequent epiphytoties on potatoes and tomato.

Keywords: potato, Phytophthora infestans, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium, reproductive potential, aggressiveness, phytosanitary potential, phytosanitary risk, Klebsiella planticola.

A.N. Smirnov, DSc, professor of the department of plant protection, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev, chief research fellow of the department of intensive agriculture, Vladimir Research Institute of Agriculture (VRIA). E-mail: smirnov@timacad.ru

E.S. Prikhodko, postgraduate student of the department of microbiology and immunology, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: eprihodko@rgau-msha.ru

V.V. Vasilchenko, postgraduate student of the department of plant protection, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: vasilcenkoviktoria16@gmail.com

V.P. Khohlov, postgraduate student of the department of plant protection, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: spirit8930@yandex.ru

A.A. Sukhorukov, master student of the department of plant protection, branch Phytopathology, RSAU – MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. E-mail: djstalkerboy@yandex.ru

S.A. Kuznetsov, senior research fellow of the department of intensive agriculture, VRIA. E-mail: infosb@mail.ru

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  2. Smirnov A.N., Kuznetsov S.A. Determination of reproduction strategies and viability of field populations of Phytophthora infestans. Plant Protection and quarantine. 2006. No.3. Pp. 20–23 (In Russ.).
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Carrots and pumpkin for snacks making

Posted on 19.11.2019 by admin
УДК 635–152:664.143
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.43.73.004

P.D. Osmolovskii, A.V. Kornev, N.N. Vorobeva, N.A. Piskunova, S.L. Ignatieva, L.A. Nemenushchаya

The evaluation of varieties of carrots and pumpkin has been carried out and their suitability for obtaining natural high-quality snack products with a high content of carotenoids has been established.

Keywords: carrots, pumpkin, variety, snacks, carotenoids.

P.D. Osmolovskii, postgraduate student of the department of technology for storage and processing of fruits and vegetables, Russian State Agrarian University-MTAA named after K.A. Timiryazev (RSAU – MTAA). E-mail: pavel.osmolovsku@mail.ru

A.V. Kornev, PhD, research fellow of the department of breeding and seed growing, All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – the branch of Federal Scientific Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetables (ARRIVG-branch of FSBSI FSVC). E-mail: alexandrvg@gmail.com

N.N. Vorobeva, PhD, senior research fellow, LLC Selection station named after N.N. Timofeev

N.A. Piskunova, PhD, professor of department of technology of storage and processing of fruits and vegetables, RSAU – MTAA.

S.L. Ignatieva, PhD, associate professor of department of ecology, RSAU – MTAA. E-mail: ignatevas@yandex.ru

L.A. Nemenushchaya, senior research fellow, Rosinformagrotech. E-mail: nela-21@mail.ru

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