How to reduce potato tubes damaging under machine technologies

Posted on 28.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:631.358.44: 631.358.45
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.48.28.002

N.N. Kolchin, A.G. Ponomarev, S.N. Petukhov

Features of machine technologies of production of potatoes with the analysis of the damages of tubers arising thus and with an assessment of losses from their possible damages are considered. The ways of reducing the damage of tubers when growing potatoes by technologies with fewer overloads of tubers are shown. It is noted the use of different methods for assessing damage of tubers.

Keywords: potato, tubers, harvesting, mechanical damages, loss reduction.

N.N. Kolchin, DSc, professor, chief research fellow. E-mail: kolchinnn@mail.ru

A.G. Ponomarev, PhD, leading research fellow. E-mail: agrodisel@mail.ru.

S.N. Petukhov, PhD, leading research fellow. E-mail: vim@vim.ru FSBSI All-Russian institute of Mechanization (FSBSI FSAC VIM)

  1. Application and development of machine technologies of potato production / N.N. Kolchin, V.N. Zernov, S.N. Petukhov, A.G. Aksenov, V.I. Eremchenko. Potato Growing: Materials of scientific and technical conference "Modern technologies of production, storage and processing of potato", August 1-3, 2017. FSBSI VNIIKH, 2017. Pp. 89–97.
  2. Kolchin N.N., Elizarov V.P. Reducing the level of damage to potatoes and vegetables in machine technologies. Agricultural machines and technologies. 2013. No. 6. Pp. 18–21.
  3. Vereshchagin N.I., Pshechenkov K.A. Operating elements of machines for growing, harvesting and sorting of potatoes. Moscow: Mashinostroenie Publishing House, 1965. 112 p.
  4. Tupolev C.S. et al. Machinery technology and equipment for potato production. Moscow: Agrospas, 2010. 316 p.
  5. Roslov N.N. Complexes for storage of potatoes and vegetables. Moscow: Rosselkhozizdat, 1985. 207 p.
  6. Rastovski, A. Van Es et al. Storage of potatoes: post-harvest behavior, store design, storage practice, handling. Wageningen: Padoc. 1987. 468 p.
  7. Bishop K.F., Monder W.F. Mechanization of potato production and storage. Ed. by A.S. Kamensky. Moscow. Kolos. 1983. 256 p.
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A new cucumber F1 hybrid Piligrim: growing in plastic film greenhouses

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.63:631.544.71
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.71.84.001

O.V. Baklanova, L.A. Chistyakova

The description of a new parthenocarpic hybrid cucumber F1 Piligrim is presented. Information is given about the technology of its cultivation in film greenhouses, the features of growing seedlings, the composition of the substrate, planting schemes, plant formation, care (optimal temperature, watering, nutrition), protection, cleaning features.

Keywords: cucumber, parthenocarpic hybrid, seedlings, cultivation, harvesting.

O.V. Baklanova, PhD, leading research fellow of department of breeding and seed growing, ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, breeder of Poisk Agro Holding.E-mail: olgabaklanova@rambler.ru

L.A. Chistyakova, PhD, senior research fellow of department of breeding and seed growing, ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, breeder of Poisk Agro Holding.E-mail: lyubov.chistyakova.83@mail.ru

  1. Digest of production of vegetables of the protected ground in Russia. April 2018. P. 17. [Web resource.] URL: www.belgorodinvest.com/documents/1948/ДАЙДЖЕСТ_Производство_овощей_защищенного_грунта_в_России_2.pdf. Access date: 12.02.2019.
  2. Baklanova O.V., Khovrin A.N., Chistyakova L. A. Cucumber hybrid F1 Forward for winter-spring rotation. Potato and vegetables. 2013. No. 9. Pp. 28–29.
  3. Method of protection of cucumber and tomato plants from phytopathogens. [Web resource.] URL: https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2094991C1/ru. Access date: 12.02.2019.
  4. Humidity regime in greenhouses [Web resource]. URL: http://www.activestudy.info/rezhim-vlazhnosti-v-teplicax / Access date: 12.02.2019.
  5. Esaulko N.A. Comparative characteristics of hybrids of cucumber in greenhouse [Web resource]. URL: https: //cyberleninka.ru/article/v/sravnitelnaya-harakteristika-gibridov-ogurtsa-v-usloviyah-zaschischennogo-grunta. Access date: 12.02.2019.

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№3, 2019 en

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin

Contents

Main topic

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Original method of seed production runnig for polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin
UDC 631.531.02:631.562.32: 635.64
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.45.15.007

S.D. Sokolov, E.V. Khutornaya, A.S. Sokolov, A.M. Shantasov, N.G. Izmukhambetova

After harvesting fruits at the stage of technical maturity, seed plants afford to cultivate new seed fruits which make it possible to carry out repeated harvesting and significantly increase the productivity of seed crops. The optimal shelf life of seed fruits picked up at the stage of technical ripeness allows to receive seeds with high sowing qualities. The research was conducted in 2015–2017 in «Our garden» LLC of Kamyzyaksky district of Astrakhan region. Via the example of the variety of zucchini marrow Yubileinyi 450, the article shows the results of studying of a new method of seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops, which includes carrying out of frequent gatherings of seed fruit not in biological ripeness, but at the stage of technical maturity and subsequent storage of collected seed fruits seeds during specified period until receiving by seeds of the high sowing in-spec grades. In the process of research it was found that the optimal age of the seed fruit of zucchini for the gathering and releasing of seeds (which makes it possible to obtain the best sowing qualities of seed material) was 50–60 days. At this degree of maturity, on 4–6 days of seed sprouting in a thermostat, laboratory seed germination was 100%. To increase the productivity of seed crops, it is possible to carry out the collection of seed fruits at the age of 20 days after flowering and store them for 20–30 days before the seeds will be released. It has been established that the development of certified seeds for fruits taken from plants is faster than for fruits on a plant. To obtain high sowing qualities, the seeds in the fruits on the plant need 50–60 days, while for the seeds obtained by the inventive technology the total required period until optimum sowing qualities are achieved (including being on the plant and subsequent storage) is 40–50 days. On the basis of the conducted research, it was obtained a patent for the invention «Method of conducting seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetables and cucurbits crops».

Keywords: marrow (Cucurbita pepo), seed breeding, polycarpous crops, technical maturity, biological ripeness, afterripening, sowing features, economical efficiency.

S.D. Sokolov, PhD, scientific director. E-mail: sspmaster@mail.ru E.V. Khutornaya, chief agronomist. E-mail: sspmaster@mail.ru A.S. Sokolov, PhD, director. E-mail: sspmaster@mail.ru A.M. Shantasov, PhD, seed agronomist. E-mail: sspmaster@mail.ru N.G. Izmukhambetova, research fellow. E-mail: sspmaster@mail.ru Breeding and seed-production enterprise «Master semya»
  1. Sokolov S.D. Organizational problems of primary seed production of melons and possible ways to solve them. Materials of sci. conf. as part of the II Russian Watermelon Festival. Astrakhan. Nova. 2004. Pp. 17–21 (In Russ.).
  2. Method of seed production of multiple varieties of vegetables and melons: Patent 2575354 Grew. Federation: IPC A01C 1/00 A01H 1/04 A01G 7/00 / S.D. Sokolov, A.S. Sokolov A.M. Shantasov, A.N. Bocharnikov, S.V. Bulygin, G.F. Sokolova; applicant and patentee S.D. Sokolov, LLC SSP "Master seed". No. 2014131488/13; declared. 30.07.2014; publ. 20.02.2016. Bull. No.5. (In Russ.).
  3. Sokolov A.S., Sokolov S.D., Bocharnikov, A.N., Chentsov A.M. Promising breeding elaborations of watermelon crops laboratory, VNIIOB. Current and new directions in plant breeding and seed production of agricultural crops. Materials of sci. conf. Vladikavkaz. Gorsky State Agrarian Universilty. 2012. Pp. 203–205 (In Russ.).
  4. Belik V.F. Methods of physiological research in vegetable and melon growing. M. 1970. 210 p. (In Russ.).
  5. GOST 12038-84. Seeds of agricultural crops. Methods for determining of germination. Moscow. Standartinform. 2011. 64 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Shepelenko G. I. Economics, organization and planning of production at the enterprise: a textbook for students of economic faculties and universities. Moscow. ICC Mart. 2004. 608 p. (In Russ.).

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Protection of potatoes during storage

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:633.49:631.563
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.53.46.006

V.N. Zeyruk, G.L. Belov, S.V. Maltsev, O.V. Abashkin, D.V. Abrosimov

The data of a two-year study on the search for effective drugs for autumn seed potatoes etching are presented. The best result was obtained when processing tubers Maximum (0,2 l/t) and the joint use of Kartofin and Siliplant (30 ml/t + 7,5 g / t). The biological efficiency was 46.6% and 37.2%, respectively. Total losses decreased by 7.6% and 6.3%.

Keywords: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), protection, storage, diseases, losses, preparations, biological efficiency.

V.N. Zeyruk, DSc, head of laboratory plant protection. E-mail: vzeyruk@mail.ru

G.L. Belov, PhD, senior research fellow laboratory plant protection.

S.V. Maltsev, PhD, senior research fellow.

O.V. Abashkin, head of support and production base

D.V. Abrosimov, PhD, senior research fellow, head of laboratory FSBSI All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Potato Farm named after A. G. Lorkh

  1. Zeyruk V.N. Development and improvement of technological process of protection and storage of potatoes in the Central region of the Russian Federation: abstract of a thesis of DrSci. Moscow. 2015. 44 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Zeyruk V.N. et al. Influence of potato tubers processing with protective-stimulating preparations on losses during storage. Potato Growing: materials of scientific-practical conference: Modern technologies of potato production, storage and processing (August 1-3, 2017). Moscow. VNIIKH. 2017. Pp. 292–300 (In Russ.).
  3. Borodai V.V., Danilovka T.V., Koltunov V.A. Efficiency of biological preparations Planriz, Diazovit and Fosfoenterin in protection from phytopathogens at growing and storage of potatoes. Potato Growing. Collecting of paper. Minsk. 2012. Vol. 20. Pp. 102–111 (In Russ.).
  4. Methods of research on potato crop. Moscow. NIIKH. 1967. 264 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Dorozhkina L.A., Karavaev V.A., Gunar L.E., Poddymkina L.M. Zircon and Siliplant – anti-stress and growth-regulating preparations. Fertility. 2016. No.2 (89). Pp. 13–15 (In Russ.).
  6. Interstate standard GOST 33996-2016 – Seed potato. Technical conditions and methods of quality determination. Moscow: STANDARTINFORM. 2016. 41 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Pshechenkov K.A., Zeyruk V.N., Elansky S.N. et al. Storage of potato. M. Agrospas. 2016. 144 p. (In Russ.).
  8. Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of field experience. Moscow. Agropromizdat. 1985. 352 p. (In Russ.).
  9. Abakshonok V.S., Busko I.I. Biological efficacy of Bacillus subtilis 26 D against tuber potato rot during storage. Potato Growing: collection of papers. Minsk. 2012. Vol. 20. Pp. 95-101 (In Russ.).

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Seed potato under summer planting

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.21:631.67 (470.44/.47)
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.61.11.005

N.K. Dubrovin, T.V. Boeva, G.N. Kiseleva

Determining of the best summer planting time for obtaining the largest number of potato tubers of seed fraction with weight from 40 to 80 g is one of the main tasks of potato seed growing in the Volga delta, since the spring planting is not suitable for potato seed production. The researches were conducted with six domestic prospective varieties: Vershininskiy, Zhanna, Evgenia, Valentina, Kislovodskiy and Volzhanin, taken as a control variant. On the basis of our research, for the first time it was established the optimum summer planting time of potato – the third decade of July with plant density from 54,9 to 71,4 t/ha, ensuring the production of high-quality seed material.

Keywords: potatoes, planting time, plant population, varieties, seed fraction.

N.K. Dubrovin, DSc, leading research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation

T.В. Boeva, PhD, senior research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation

G.N. Kiseleva, junior research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetable and Watermelon Growing – the branch of FSBSI «Near-Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences». Е-mail: vniiob@mail.ru

  1. Bairambekov Sh.B., Korinets V.V., Valeeva Z.B., Dubrovin N.K. et al. Technology of potato growing in the Astrakhan region: recommendations. Astrakhan. Novaya linia. 2007. 104 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Dospekhov B.A. Technique of field experience. Moscow. Agropromizdat. 1985. 351 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Methodical instructions on the account and control of the most important indicators of processes of photosynthetic activity of plants in crops. Moscow. VASKHNIL. 1969. 43 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Methods of field experience in vegetable and melon growing. Ed. by V.F. Belik, G.L. Bondarenko. Moscow. NIIOKH. 1979. 210 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Methods of research on potato. Moscow. NIIKH. 1967. 131 p. (In Russ.).

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Biological features of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown under the intensive grow light conditions

Posted on 27.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.152:631.52:631.544
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.68.78.004

A.B. Kurina, A.M. Artemyeva, N.G. Sinyavina, A.A. Kochetov, G.G. Panova

The present study describes biological features of small radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown under the intense light culture conditions. Results, obtained using regulated system, demonstrated high variability of reaction to intense light conditions among the varieties of small radish. Amplitude of variability of the main morphological, phenological traits and productivity depending on variety type, was assessed. Samples of small radish, which can be potential sources of economic-valuable traits for future breeding (such as resistance to bolting under the intense light culture, compact rosette, high productivity and marketability) were identified.

Keywords: radish, intense light culture, traits, variability, variety type.

A.B. Kurina, postgraduate, junior research fellow, Federal Research Centre «The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources' (VIR). E-mail: nastya_n11@mail.ru

A.M. Artemyeva, PhD, head of the department of vegetable and melon crops, Federal Research Centre «The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources' (VIR). E-mail: akme11@yandex.ru

N.G. Sinyavina, PhD, senior research fellow, laboratory of ecological genetics and plant breeding, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: sinad@inbox.ru

A.A. Kochetov, PhD, leading research fellow, head of the laboratory of ecological genetics and plant breeding, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: kochetoval@yandex.ru

G.G. Panova, PhD, head of the department of light physiology of plants and bioproductivity of agroecosystems, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: gaiane@inbox.ru

  1. Ermakov E.I. Systems of intensive cultivation of plants in regulated conditions. Systems of intensive plants growing. Collection of papers. Leningrad. Agropromizdat. 1987. Pp. 3–21 (In Russ.).
  2. Ermakov E.I., Zheltov Yu.I., Makarova G.A., Chernousov I.N. Regulated agroecosystem in solving the problem of breeding and adaptive crop production. Agrophysical methods and devices (3 volumes). Plant and environment. Vol. 3. Saint Petersburg. AFI. 1998. Pp. 19–36 (In Russ.).
  3. Ilyin O.V., Ilyina T.O., Semyachkina E.O. Intensive light culture. New technologies and equipment. 2009. No.11. Pp. 9–12 (In Russ.).
  4. Sinyavina N.G. et al. Study of radish biodiversity in conditions of intensive light culture and identification of economically valuable traits for breeding. Vegetables of Russia. 2018. No.3. Pp. 56–59 (In Russ.).
  5. Ermakov E.I., Makarova G.A. Regulated agroecosystem in genetic and breeding research. Ermakov E.I. Selected works. Saint Petersburg. PIYAFRAN. 2009. Pp. 29–47 (In Russ.).
  6. Eremenko L.L., Grinberg E.G. Morphophysiological variability of vegetable plants. Novosibirsk. Nauka. 1977. 297 p. (In Russ.).

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Promising varieties and hybrids of beet canteen for long-term storage

Posted on 26.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635.112:631.526.32:631.367
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.54.17.003

V.A. Borisov, N.A. Filroze, L.M. Sokolova, A.V. Kornev

As a result of a five year research (2013–2017) found that the most promising domestic varieties for prolonged storage are: Marishka, Russian odnosemyannaya, Fortuna, Demetra, Bordovaya VNIIO, Bordeaux 237. Among Dutch hybrids can distinguish F1 Pablo and F1 Vodan. These varieties and hybrids as a result 6–7 months of storage have a minimal loss of weight loss products and disease and saved high quality of products.

Keywords: red beet, varieties, hybrids, storage, keeping, quality.

V.A. Borisov, DSc, professor, chief research fellow of the department of agriculture and agrochemistry, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: valeri.borisov.39@mail.ru

N.A. Filroze, research fellow of the laboratory of storage and agriculture, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: Suburban_Chevrolet@mail.ru

L.M. Sokolova, PhD, senior research fellow, department of breeding and seed production, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: lsokolova74@mail.ru

A.V. Kornev, PhD, research fellow, department of breeding and seed production, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: alexandrvg@gmail.com

  1. Litvinov S.S. Scientific grounds of modern vegetable growing. Moscow. Russian Agricultural Academy, 2008. 771 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Rabinovich A.M., Borisov V.A. Healing properties of vegetable and spicy plants of Russia. Moscow. Arnebia. 2008. 510 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Litvinov S.S. Shatilov M.V. Efficiency of vegetable growing in Russia. Moscow. VNIIO. 2015. 140 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Borisov V.A., Litvinov S.S., Romanova A.V. Quality and storageability of vegetables. Moscow. 2003. 625 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Methodical instructions on carrying out research works on storage of vegetables. Moscow. VASKHNIL. 1982. 34 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Scientific report of the storage laboratory of the Department of agriculture and agrochemistry for 2015. Moscow. VNIIO. 2015. 263 p. (In Russ.).

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Risks of spreading of new viral and bacterial diseases of vegetable crops in the Russian Federation through greenhouse production

Posted on 26.11.2019 by admin
UDC 633.11:632.488
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.84.71.002

A.N. Ignatov, G.G. Chelidze, K.S. Vorobyova

Seeds, planting material, including seedlings produced in other greenhouses, warehouse products from other regions and countries, stored within greenhouses facilities, water used for irrigation and preparation of working solution in hydroponic plant culture, and sometimes – workers in greenhouses with direct contact with infected plants outside the greenhouses were the main ways of introduction of new plant diseases. A long incubation period for viruses and bacterial diseases, instrumental methods (ELISA, PCR) needed to identify the pathogen are the main problems of correct identification for the source of infection.

Keywords: bacteria, viruses of plants, agrocenosis.

A.N. Ignatov (author for correspondence), DSc, deputy general director for research work, Research Center «PhytoEngineering». E-mail: an.ignatov@gmail.com

G.G. Chelidze, specialist, Research Center «Phytoengineering». E-mail: winnyduff@gmail.com

K.S. Vorobyova, specialist, Research Center «PhytoEngineering». E-mail: i.evsevia@gmail.com

  1. Press service of the Ministry of Agriculture, 2019. [Web resource] URL: http://mcx.ru/press-service/news/v-2019-godu-urozhay-teplichnykh-ovoshchey-prognoziruetsya-na-urovne-1-3-mln-tonn / Access date: 15.03.2019.
  2. Grishechkina L.D. Problems of protection of vegetable crops from diseases in greenhouses. Protection and quarantine of plants. 2011. No. 2. Pp. 16–18.
  3. Akhatov A. K., Akhatov E. A. The most harmful diseases of vegetable crops in modern greenhouse enterprises. Gavrish. 2014. No. 3. Pp. 16–23.
  4. Khodykina M.V. et al. New bacterial disease of greenhouse cucumber .Gavrish. 2014. No. 3. Pp. 24–29.
  5. Anonymous. OEPP/EPPO (2004) PM 7/21: Ralstonia solanacearum. Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests.
  6. Anonymous. EPPO Reporting Service no. 09 – 2017, Num. article: 2017/172
  7. F. Harmon and D. Bayo Getting to the Bottom of Bacterial Wilt in Blueberries. URL: https://www.growingproduce.com/author/deanna-bayo/ September 20, 2017. Access date. 15.03.2019.
  8. Krinitsyna A.A., Speranskaya A.S., Churikova O.A., Egorova M.A., Leontieva M.R., Tsavkelova E.A. Isolation and identification of cultured endophytic microorganisms from shoots of Syringa vulgaris L. Monitoring and biological methods of control of pests and pathogens of woody plants: from theory to practice. Materials of Sci. conf. 18-22 April 2016. Sib. Dep. RAS. Krasnoyarsk. 2016. Pp. 109–110. (In Russ.).
  9. Oliver J.E., Cobine P.A., De La Fuente L. Xylella fastidiosa isolates from both subsp. multiplex and fastidiosa cause disease on southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) under greenhouse conditions // Phytopathology. 2015. Vol. 105. No.7. Pp. 855–862.
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  15. Ha Thi Kuin Chang. The spread and pathogenesis of viral diseases of tomato in Vietnam and Russia: absract of a thesis. Moscow, 2013. 20 p. (In Russ.).
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Breeding: an applied scence for substitution of imports

Posted on 26.11.2019 by admin
UDC 635–152
https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2019.24.37.001

N.N. Klimenko, G.I. Karlov

Criteria which will be able to make the developed Federal scientific and technical subprogramme (FSTS) on development of selection and seed production of vegetable cultures effectively functioning are listed. The factors allowing Russian breeding to become a highly competitive industry are considered.

Keywords: vegetables, breeding, seed growing, state support, FSTS.

N.N. Klimenko, PhD, director of Poisk Agro Holding. E-mail: n.klimenko@poiskseeds.ru

G.I. Karlov, DSc, prof., corresponding member of the RAS, director of All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology. Е-mail: karlov@iab.ac.ru

  1. Klimenko N.N., Khovrin A.N., Ognev V.V. Poisk Agroholding. Breeding of health and longevity. Potato and vegetables. 2017. No.9. Pp. 8–10 (In Russ.).
  2. Klimenko N.N. From domestic seeds to food security. Potato and vegetables. 2014. No.11. Pp. 2–4 (In Russ.).
  3. Klimenko N.N. Public-private partnership – the most effective way of development of domestic selection of vegetable crops / / Potatoes and vegetables. 2018. No.2. Pp. 2–6 (In Russ.).
  4. Klimenko N.N. Competitiveness is not only breeding centres. Potato and vegetables. 2015. No.4. Pp. 2–6 (In Russ.).
  5. Monahos G.F. Breeding and primary seed production: status and prospects. Potato and vegetables. 2017. No.3. Pp. 2–4 (In Russ.).
  6. About national goals and strategic objectives of development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024 [Web resource] URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/57425. Access date 03.02.19. (In Russ.).
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