Contents
Main topic
The future belongs to new technologies. I.S. Butov P. 2 Continue reading
S.D. Sokolov, E.V. Khutornaya, A.S. Sokolov, A.M. Shantasov, N.G. Izmukhambetova
After harvesting fruits at the stage of technical maturity, seed plants afford to cultivate new seed fruits which make it possible to carry out repeated harvesting and significantly increase the productivity of seed crops. The optimal shelf life of seed fruits picked up at the stage of technical ripeness allows to receive seeds with high sowing qualities. The research was conducted in 2015–2017 in «Our garden» LLC of Kamyzyaksky district of Astrakhan region. Via the example of the variety of zucchini marrow Yubileinyi 450, the article shows the results of studying of a new method of seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops, which includes carrying out of frequent gatherings of seed fruit not in biological ripeness, but at the stage of technical maturity and subsequent storage of collected seed fruits seeds during specified period until receiving by seeds of the high sowing in-spec grades. In the process of research it was found that the optimal age of the seed fruit of zucchini for the gathering and releasing of seeds (which makes it possible to obtain the best sowing qualities of seed material) was 50–60 days. At this degree of maturity, on 4–6 days of seed sprouting in a thermostat, laboratory seed germination was 100%. To increase the productivity of seed crops, it is possible to carry out the collection of seed fruits at the age of 20 days after flowering and store them for 20–30 days before the seeds will be released. It has been established that the development of certified seeds for fruits taken from plants is faster than for fruits on a plant. To obtain high sowing qualities, the seeds in the fruits on the plant need 50–60 days, while for the seeds obtained by the inventive technology the total required period until optimum sowing qualities are achieved (including being on the plant and subsequent storage) is 40–50 days. On the basis of the conducted research, it was obtained a patent for the invention «Method of conducting seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetables and cucurbits crops».
Keywords: marrow (Cucurbita pepo), seed breeding, polycarpous crops, technical maturity, biological ripeness, afterripening, sowing features, economical efficiency.
V.N. Zeyruk, G.L. Belov, S.V. Maltsev, O.V. Abashkin, D.V. Abrosimov
The data of a two-year study on the search for effective drugs for autumn seed potatoes etching are presented. The best result was obtained when processing tubers Maximum (0,2 l/t) and the joint use of Kartofin and Siliplant (30 ml/t + 7,5 g / t). The biological efficiency was 46.6% and 37.2%, respectively. Total losses decreased by 7.6% and 6.3%.
Keywords: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), protection, storage, diseases, losses, preparations, biological efficiency.
V.N. Zeyruk, DSc, head of laboratory plant protection. E-mail: vzeyruk@mail.ru
G.L. Belov, PhD, senior research fellow laboratory plant protection.
S.V. Maltsev, PhD, senior research fellow.
O.V. Abashkin, head of support and production base
D.V. Abrosimov, PhD, senior research fellow, head of laboratory FSBSI All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Potato Farm named after A. G. Lorkh
N.K. Dubrovin, T.V. Boeva, G.N. Kiseleva
Determining of the best summer planting time for obtaining the largest number of potato tubers of seed fraction with weight from 40 to 80 g is one of the main tasks of potato seed growing in the Volga delta, since the spring planting is not suitable for potato seed production. The researches were conducted with six domestic prospective varieties: Vershininskiy, Zhanna, Evgenia, Valentina, Kislovodskiy and Volzhanin, taken as a control variant. On the basis of our research, for the first time it was established the optimum summer planting time of potato – the third decade of July with plant density from 54,9 to 71,4 t/ha, ensuring the production of high-quality seed material.
Keywords: potatoes, planting time, plant population, varieties, seed fraction.
N.K. Dubrovin, DSc, leading research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation
T.В. Boeva, PhD, senior research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation
G.N. Kiseleva, junior research fellow, department of agrarian technologies and land reclamation All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetable and Watermelon Growing – the branch of FSBSI «Near-Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences». Е-mail: vniiob@mail.ru
A.B. Kurina, A.M. Artemyeva, N.G. Sinyavina, A.A. Kochetov, G.G. Panova
The present study describes biological features of small radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown under the intense light culture conditions. Results, obtained using regulated system, demonstrated high variability of reaction to intense light conditions among the varieties of small radish. Amplitude of variability of the main morphological, phenological traits and productivity depending on variety type, was assessed. Samples of small radish, which can be potential sources of economic-valuable traits for future breeding (such as resistance to bolting under the intense light culture, compact rosette, high productivity and marketability) were identified.
Keywords: radish, intense light culture, traits, variability, variety type.
A.B. Kurina, postgraduate, junior research fellow, Federal Research Centre «The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources' (VIR). E-mail: nastya_n11@mail.ru
A.M. Artemyeva, PhD, head of the department of vegetable and melon crops, Federal Research Centre «The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources' (VIR). E-mail: akme11@yandex.ru
N.G. Sinyavina, PhD, senior research fellow, laboratory of ecological genetics and plant breeding, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: sinad@inbox.ru
A.A. Kochetov, PhD, leading research fellow, head of the laboratory of ecological genetics and plant breeding, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: kochetoval@yandex.ru
G.G. Panova, PhD, head of the department of light physiology of plants and bioproductivity of agroecosystems, Agrophysical Research Institute. E-mail: gaiane@inbox.ru
V.A. Borisov, N.A. Filroze, L.M. Sokolova, A.V. Kornev
As a result of a five year research (2013–2017) found that the most promising domestic varieties for prolonged storage are: Marishka, Russian odnosemyannaya, Fortuna, Demetra, Bordovaya VNIIO, Bordeaux 237. Among Dutch hybrids can distinguish F1 Pablo and F1 Vodan. These varieties and hybrids as a result 6–7 months of storage have a minimal loss of weight loss products and disease and saved high quality of products.
Keywords: red beet, varieties, hybrids, storage, keeping, quality.
V.A. Borisov, DSc, professor, chief research fellow of the department of agriculture and agrochemistry, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: valeri.borisov.39@mail.ru
N.A. Filroze, research fellow of the laboratory of storage and agriculture, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: Suburban_Chevrolet@mail.ru
L.M. Sokolova, PhD, senior research fellow, department of breeding and seed production, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: lsokolova74@mail.ru
A.V. Kornev, PhD, research fellow, department of breeding and seed production, ARRIVG-FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: alexandrvg@gmail.com
A.N. Ignatov, G.G. Chelidze, K.S. Vorobyova
Seeds, planting material, including seedlings produced in other greenhouses, warehouse products from other regions and countries, stored within greenhouses facilities, water used for irrigation and preparation of working solution in hydroponic plant culture, and sometimes – workers in greenhouses with direct contact with infected plants outside the greenhouses were the main ways of introduction of new plant diseases. A long incubation period for viruses and bacterial diseases, instrumental methods (ELISA, PCR) needed to identify the pathogen are the main problems of correct identification for the source of infection.
Keywords: bacteria, viruses of plants, agrocenosis.
A.N. Ignatov (author for correspondence), DSc, deputy general director for research work, Research Center «PhytoEngineering». E-mail: an.ignatov@gmail.com
G.G. Chelidze, specialist, Research Center «Phytoengineering». E-mail: winnyduff@gmail.com
K.S. Vorobyova, specialist, Research Center «PhytoEngineering». E-mail: i.evsevia@gmail.com
N.N. Klimenko, G.I. Karlov
Criteria which will be able to make the developed Federal scientific and technical subprogramme (FSTS) on development of selection and seed production of vegetable cultures effectively functioning are listed. The factors allowing Russian breeding to become a highly competitive industry are considered.
Keywords: vegetables, breeding, seed growing, state support, FSTS.
N.N. Klimenko, PhD, director of Poisk Agro Holding. E-mail: n.klimenko@poiskseeds.ru
G.I. Karlov, DSc, prof., corresponding member of the RAS, director of All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology. Е-mail: karlov@iab.ac.ru
Breeding: an applied scence for substitution of imports. N.N. Klimenko, G.I. Karlov P. 2
Agrarian revival on the ancient land. P. 6
The State is interested. R.A. Bagrov P. 10
The history of the success of the Novgorod agrarian P. 12
Conveyor of vitamins P. 14
Quality or quantity? When there is no need to choose. P. 16
Risks of spreading of new viral and bacterial diseases of vegetable crops in the Russian Federation through greenhouse production. A.N. Ignatov, G.G. Chelidze, K.S. Vorobyova P. 18
Promising varieties and hybrids of red beet for long-term storage. V.A. Borisov, N.A. Filroze, L.M. Sokolova, A.V. Kornev P. 23
Biological features of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown under the intensive grow light conditions. A.B. Kurina, A.M. Artemyeva, N.G. Sinyavina, A.A. Kochetov, G.G. Panova P. 26
Seed potato under summer planting. N.K. Dubrovin, T.V. Boeva, G.N. Kiseleva P. 30
Protection of potatoes during storage. V.N. Zeyruk, G.L. Belov, S.V. Maltsev, O.V. Abashkin, D.V. Abrosimov P. 33
Fortuna is the new melon cultivar. Yu.A. Bykovskii P. 35
Original method of seed production runnig for polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops. S.D. Sokolov, E.V. Khutornaya, A.S. Sokolov, A.M. Shantasov, N.G. Izmukhambetova P. 36
A.V. Medvedev, S.V. Kuzmin, A.V. Tikhonova, A.F. Bukharov
The study of the lines and hybrid combinations of the vegetable marrow breeding branch of the Krymsk EBS – ARRIP Branch is conducted. Lines with a high overall combining ability were revealed for the total yield – the line Аr3 and Bl12 and for the early yield – К5 and Bl12 are ascertained. As a result of varietal testing new F1 hybrids of the vegetable marrow, samples with high yields, above 50 t/ha (F1 Ar3 × D1, F1 Bl12 × D1, F1 Bl12 × Ap3), powdery mildew resistance and CMV-1 (F1 Ar3 × D1), other economically valuable properties were allocated.
Keywords: vegetable marrow, line, hybrid, varietal testing.
A.V. Medvedev, PhD, leading research fellow, Department of genetic resources and breeding of vegetable crops, Krymsk EBS – VIR Branch. E-mail: kross67@mail.ru
S.V. Kuzmin, PhD, research fellow, Department of genetic resources and breeding of vegetable crops, Krymsk EBS – VIR Branch. E-mail: kross67@mail.ru
A.V. Tikhonova, junior research fellow, Department of genetic resources and breeding of vegetable crops Krymsk EBS – VIR Branch. E-mail: kross67@mail.ru
A.F. Bukharov, DSc, chief research fellow, Department of of breeding and seed growing, ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC. E-mail: vniioh@yandex.ru